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Smartphone Use and Academic Performance of University Students: A Mediation and Moderation Analysis

Author

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  • Rizwan Raheem Ahmed

    (Faculty of Management Sciences, Indus University, Block-17, Gulshan, Karachi 75300, Pakistan)

  • Faryal Salman

    (Institute of Health Management, Dow University of Health Sciences, Mission Road, Karachi 74200, Pakistan)

  • Shahab Alam Malik

    (Faculty of Management Sciences, Indus University, Block-17, Gulshan, Karachi 75300, Pakistan)

  • Dalia Streimikiene

    (Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Sporto str. 6, Kaunas 44221, Lithuania)

  • Riaz Hussain Soomro

    (Institute of Health Management, Dow University of Health Sciences, Mission Road, Karachi 74200, Pakistan)

  • Munwar Hussain Pahi

    (College of Business Management, PAF-KIET University, Korangi Creek, Karachi 75190, Pakistan)

Abstract

The purpose of the undertaken study is to examine the influence of smartphones on the performance of university students in Pakistan. This paper also investigates the functions of a smartphone as exogenous predictors such as smartphone applications, multimedia messaging service (MMS), short message service (SMS), warp-speed processing, and entertainment on the academic performance of a student. This paper also addresses the impact of electronic word of mouth (eWOM) and attitude as mediating variables between exogenous and endogenous variables. Finally, we incorporated technology and addiction as moderating variables between independent variables and the outcome variable to measure the influence of moderating variables. We have taken 684 responses from seven universities in Pakistan and employed the SEM-based multivariate approach for the analysis of the data. The findings of this paper demonstrate that smartphone functions have a significant influence on students’ academic performance, and moderating and mediating variables also have a significant influence on exogenous and endogenous variables. The practical implications have provided a guideline for university teachers, parents, and decision-makers of how a smartphone could be used to improve student academic performance inside and outside university campuses.

Suggested Citation

  • Rizwan Raheem Ahmed & Faryal Salman & Shahab Alam Malik & Dalia Streimikiene & Riaz Hussain Soomro & Munwar Hussain Pahi, 2020. "Smartphone Use and Academic Performance of University Students: A Mediation and Moderation Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(1), pages 1-28, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:1:p:439-:d:305745
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    3. Kashif Farhat & Wajeeha Aslam & Imtiaz Arif & Zohaib Ahmed, 2022. "Does the Dark Side of Personality Traits Explain Compulsive Smartphone Use of Higher Education Students? The Interaction Effect of Dark Side of Personality with Desirability and Feasibility of Smartph," IIM Kozhikode Society & Management Review, , vol. 11(1), pages 62-74, January.
    4. Danilo B. Buctot & Nami Kim & Sun-Hee Kim, 2021. "Personal Profiles, Family Environment, Patterns of Smartphone Use, Nomophobia, and Smartphone Addiction across Low, Average, and High Perceived Academic Performance Levels among High School Students i," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-19, May.
    5. Ana López-Martínez & Lourdes Meroño & María Cánovas-López & Antonio García-de-Alcaraz & Luis Manuel Martínez-Aranda, 2022. "Using Gamified Strategies in Higher Education: Relationship between Intrinsic Motivation and Contextual Variables," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-14, September.
    6. Gladys Merma-Molina & Diego Gavilán-Martín & Juan-Francisco Álvarez-Herrero, 2021. "Education for Sustainable Development: The Impact of the Values in Mobile Phone Addiction," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-17, February.
    7. Rodrigo Martín-García & Carmen López-Martín & Raquel Arguedas-Sanz, 2020. "Collaborative Learning Communities for Sustainable Employment through Visual Tools," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(6), pages 1-19, March.

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