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Are Economic Distance and Geographic Remoteness Important in Sustainable Trade? Evidence from the Bilateral Trade between China and Kazakhstan

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  • Daeheon Choi

    (College of Business Administration, Kookmin University, 77 Jeongneung-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02707, Korea)

  • Chune Young Chung

    (School of Business Administration, College of Business and Economics, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06974, Korea)

  • Jason Young

    (College of Business, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA)

Abstract

In this study, we investigate sustainable trade between China and Kazakhstan using the gravity model. We find that the distance between the importer and exporter relative to the distance to other trading partners, rather than the absolute distance, significantly negatively impacts trade volumes. Other factors, such as the structure and availability of free trade zones and unobservable factors related to the characteristics of the checkpoints, also affect trade volumes. To obtain these results, we derive an extended gravity model that considers spatial effects and specific features of the trade between China and Kazakhstan. Thus, we contribute to the fundamental foundations of gravity models.

Suggested Citation

  • Daeheon Choi & Chune Young Chung & Jason Young, 2019. "Are Economic Distance and Geographic Remoteness Important in Sustainable Trade? Evidence from the Bilateral Trade between China and Kazakhstan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(21), pages 1-20, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:11:y:2019:i:21:p:6068-:d:282351
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Prasada, Imade Yoga & Nugroho, Agus Dwi & Lakner, Zoltan, 2022. "Impact of the FLEGT license on Indonesian plywood competitiveness in the European Union," Forest Policy and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).

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