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The Distribution and Consequences of Sexual Misconduct Perpetrated by Peacekeepers in Haiti: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Analysis

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  • Luissa Vahedi

    (Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada)

  • Heather Stuart

    (Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada)

  • Stéphanie Etienne

    (Komisyon Fanm Viktim pou Viktim (FOFAVIV), Port au Prince, Haiti)

  • Sabine Lee

    (Department of History, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK)

  • Susan A Bartels

    (Department of Public Health Sciences, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
    Department of Emergency Medicine, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 4V7, Canada)

Abstract

During the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti (MINUSTAH), reports of sexual abuse and exploitation and children fathered by peacekeepers were brought forward to the UN. In 2017, a cross-sectional mixed-methods survey was administered by Haitian research assistants using SenseMaker ® (Cognitive Edge, Singapore), a rapid data collection tool that allows participants to share a narrative on a topic of interest. In total, 2541 self-interpreted narratives in relation to the experiences of Haitian women and girls vis-à-vis peacekeepers were collected from a convenience sample of Haitian males and females across Haiti. This exploratory secondary data analysis analyzes whether narratives about sexual misconduct perpetrated by MINUSTAH peacekeepers were associated with rural, semi-urban, or urban locations and investigates the relationship between sharing narratives about sexual misconduct and the desire to engage with the UN/MINUSTAH. After adjustment, narratives addressing sexual misconduct were more likely to be shared in rural locations, compared to urban locations (RR rural : 1.19; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.38). Personal experiences of sexual misconduct were more likely (RR sex : 4.52; 95% CI: 3.34, 6.12) to be associated with rejection of the UN/MINUSTAH, compared to personal narratives of positive/neutral experiences. This research is an empirical steppingstone to understanding the distribution and consequences of peacekeeper-perpetrated sexual abuse and exploitation in Haiti.

Suggested Citation

  • Luissa Vahedi & Heather Stuart & Stéphanie Etienne & Sabine Lee & Susan A Bartels, 2021. "The Distribution and Consequences of Sexual Misconduct Perpetrated by Peacekeepers in Haiti: An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Analysis," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 10(7), pages 1-33, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jscscx:v:10:y:2021:i:7:p:270-:d:594813
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Kathleen M. Jennings & Vesna Nikolic-Ristanovic, 2009. "UN Peacekeeping Economies and Local Sex Industries: Connections and Implications," Research Working Papers 17, MICROCON - A Micro Level Analysis of Violent Conflict.
    2. Henry, Marsha, 2015. "Parades, parties and pests: contradictions of everyday life in peacekeeping economies," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 63789, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    3. Smith Fawzi, M. C. & Lambert, W. & Singler, J. M. & Tanagho, Y. & Léandre, F. & Nevil, P. & Bertrand, D. & Claude, M. S. & Bertrand, J. & Louissaint, M. & Jeannis, L. & Mukherjee, J. S. & Goldie, S. &, 2005. "Factors associated with forced sex among women accessing health services in rural Haiti: implications for the prevention of HIV infection and other sexually transmitted diseases," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 60(4), pages 679-689, February.
    4. Beber, Bernd & Gilligan, Michael J. & Guardado, Jenny & Karim, Sabrina, 2017. "Peacekeeping, Compliance with International Norms, and Transactional Sex in Monrovia, Liberia," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 71(1), pages 1-30, January.
    5. Andrew Padgett & Tonia Warnecke, 2011. "Diamonds in the Rubble: The Women of Haiti," Journal of Economic Issues, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(3), pages 527-558.
    6. Ragnhild Nordås & Siri C. A. Rustad, 2013. "Sexual Exploitation and Abuse by Peacekeepers: Understanding Variation," International Interactions, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(4), pages 511-534, September.
    7. Vahedi, Luissa & Bartels, Susan & Lee, Sabine, 2020. "“His Future will not be Bright”: A qualitative analysis of mothers’ lived experiences raising peacekeeper-fathered children in Haiti," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
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    Cited by:

    1. Susan A. Bartels & Georgia Fraulin & Stéphanie Etienne & Sandra C. Wisner & Sabine Lee, 2022. "Cholera in the Time of MINUSTAH: Experiences of Community Members Affected by Cholera in Haiti," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(9), pages 1-14, April.

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