IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jmathe/v9y2021i13p1487-d581663.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Predicting Entrepreneurial Intentions among the Youth in Serbia with a Classification Decision Tree Model with the QUEST Algorithm

Author

Listed:
  • Dejan Djordjevic

    (Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Novi Sad, 23101 Zrenjanin, Serbia)

  • Dragan Cockalo

    (Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Novi Sad, 23101 Zrenjanin, Serbia)

  • Srdjan Bogetic

    (Belgrade Business and Arts Academy of Applied Studies, 11120 Belgrad, Serbia)

  • Mihalj Bakator

    (Technical Faculty “Mihajlo Pupin”, University of Novi Sad, 23101 Zrenjanin, Serbia)

Abstract

Youth unemployment rates present an issue both in developing and developed countries. The importance of analyzing entrepreneurial activities comes from their significant role in economic development and economic growth. In this study, a 10-year research was conducted. The dataset included 5670 participants—students from Serbia. The main goal of the study is to attempt to predict entrepreneurial intentions among the Serbian youth by analyzing demographics characteristics, close social environment, attitudes, awareness of incentive means, and environment assessment as potential influencing factors. The data analysis included Chi-square, Welch’s t-test, z-test, linear regression, binary logistic regression, ARIMA (Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average) regression, and a QUEST (Quick, Unbiased, Efficient, Statistical Tree) classification tree algorithm. The results are interesting and indicate that entrepreneurial intentions can be partially predicted using the dataset in this current study. Further, most likely due to the robust dataset, the results are not complementary with similar studies in this domain; therefore, these findings expand the current literature and invite future research.

Suggested Citation

  • Dejan Djordjevic & Dragan Cockalo & Srdjan Bogetic & Mihalj Bakator, 2021. "Predicting Entrepreneurial Intentions among the Youth in Serbia with a Classification Decision Tree Model with the QUEST Algorithm," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(13), pages 1-27, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:9:y:2021:i:13:p:1487-:d:581663
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/13/1487/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2227-7390/9/13/1487/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Saeid Karimi, 2020. "The role of entrepreneurial passion in the formation of students’ entrepreneurial intentions," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 52(3), pages 331-344, January.
    2. Bollingtoft, Anne & Ulhoi, John P., 2005. "The networked business incubator--leveraging entrepreneurial agency?," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 20(2), pages 265-290, March.
    3. Norris F. Krueger, 2017. "Entrepreneurial Intentions Are Dead: Long Live Entrepreneurial Intentions," International Studies in Entrepreneurship, in: Malin Brännback & Alan L. Carsrud (ed.), Revisiting the Entrepreneurial Mind, chapter 0, pages 13-34, Springer.
    4. José Alberto Martínez-González & Urszula Kobylinska & Francisco J. García-Rodríguez & Lukasz Nazarko, 2019. "Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Intention among Young People: Model and Regional Evidence," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(24), pages 1-29, December.
    5. World Bank, 2018. "Doing Business 2018," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 28608, December.
    6. Bénédicte Branchet & J.-P. Boissin & S. Emin & J. I. Herbert, 2009. "Students and Entrepreneurship: A comparative study France - United States," Post-Print halshs-00512489, HAL.
    7. Esfandiar, Kourosh & Sharifi-Tehrani, Mohamad & Pratt, Stephen & Altinay, Levent, 2019. "Understanding entrepreneurial intentions: A developed integrated structural model approach," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 172-182.
    8. Yassine Bakkar & Susanne Durst & Wolfgang Gerstlberger, 2021. "The Impact of Institutional Dimensions on Entrepreneurial Intentions of Students—International Evidence," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-23, April.
    9. Ajzen, Icek, 1991. "The theory of planned behavior," Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Elsevier, vol. 50(2), pages 179-211, December.
    10. World Bank Group, 2016. "Doing Business 2016," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 22771, December.
    11. Garry D. Bruton & David Ahlstrom & Krzysztof Obloj, 2008. "Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies: Where Are We Today and Where Should the Research Go in the Future," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 32(1), pages 1-14, January.
    12. Walter, Sascha G. & Block, Jörn H., 2016. "Outcomes of entrepreneurship education: An institutional perspective," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 31(2), pages 216-233.
    13. Ana Iolanda Vodă & Nelu Florea, 2019. "Impact of Personality Traits and Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intentions of Business and Engineering Students," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-34, February.
    14. Francisco Liñán & Yi–Wen Chen, 2009. "Development and Cross–Cultural Application of a Specific Instrument to Measure Entrepreneurial Intentions," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 33(3), pages 593-617, May.
    15. Alain Kikandi Kiuma & Abdelkrim Araar & Christian Kamala Kaghoma, 2020. "Internal migration and youth entrepreneurship in the Democratic Republic of the Congo," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 24(3), pages 790-814, August.
    16. Bogatyreva, Karina & Edelman, Linda F. & Manolova, Tatiana S. & Osiyevskyy, Oleksiy & Shirokova, Galina, 2019. "When do entrepreneurial intentions lead to actions? The role of national culture," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 309-321.
    17. S. Nyock Ilouga & A. Nyock Mouloungni & J. Sahut, 2014. "Entrepreneurial intention and career choices: the role of volition," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 42(4), pages 717-728, April.
    18. Aldrich, Howard E. & Cliff, Jennifer E., 2003. "The pervasive effects of family on entrepreneurship: toward a family embeddedness perspective," Journal of Business Venturing, Elsevier, vol. 18(5), pages 573-596, September.
    19. Mario Rosique-Blasco & Antonia Madrid-Guijarro & Domingo García-Pérez-de-Lema, 2018. "The effects of personal abilities and self-efficacy on entrepreneurial intentions," International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, Springer, vol. 14(4), pages 1025-1052, December.
    20. Zampetakis, Leonidas A. & Beldekos, Panagiotis & Moustakis, Vassilis S., 2009. "''Day-to-day" entrepreneurship within organisations: The role of trait Emotional Intelligence and Perceived Organisational Support," European Management Journal, Elsevier, vol. 27(3), pages 165-175, June.
    21. Maria-Ana Georgescu & Emilia Herman, 2020. "The Impact of the Family Background on Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions: An Empirical Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-18, June.
    22. Nguyen, Anh Tuan & Do, Thi Hai Ha & Vu, Thi Bich Thao & Dang, Kim Anh & Nguyen, Hoang Long, 2019. "Factors affecting entrepreneurial intentions among youths in Vietnam," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 186-193.
    23. World Bank, 2019. "Doing Business 2019," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 30438, December.
    24. Cristian C. Popescu & Ionel Bostan & Ioan-Bogdan Robu & Andrei Maxim & Laura Diaconu (Maxim), 2016. "An Analysis of the Determinants of Entrepreneurial Intentions among Students: A Romanian Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 8(8), pages 1-22, August.
    25. Naoum Mylonas & Lida Kyrgidou & Eugenia Petridou, 2017. "Examining the impact of creativity on entrepreneurship intentions: the case of potential female entrepreneurs," World Review of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 13(1), pages 84-105.
    26. Oosterbeek, Hessel & van Praag, Mirjam & Ijsselstein, Auke, 2010. "The impact of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurship skills and motivation," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 54(3), pages 442-454, April.
    27. Cristina Keiko Yamaguchi & Stéfano Frizzo Stefenon & Ney Kassiano Ramos & Vanessa Silva dos Santos & Fernanda Forbici & Anne Carolina Rodrigues Klaar & Fernanda Cristina Silva Ferreira & Alessandra Ca, 2020. "Young People’s Perceptions about the Difficulties of Entrepreneurship and Developing Rural Properties in Family Agriculture," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-12, October.
    28. Iqtidar A. Shah & Sohail Amjed & Said Jaboob, 2020. "The moderating role of entrepreneurship education in shaping entrepreneurial intentions," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 9(1), pages 1-15, December.
    29. M. Camino Escolar-Llamazares & Isabel Luis-Rico & Tamara de la Torre-Cruz & Álvaro Herrero & Alfredo Jiménez & Carmen Palmero-Cámara & Alfredo Jiménez-Eguizábal, 2019. "The Socio-educational, Psychological and Family-Related Antecedents of Entrepreneurial Intentions among Spanish Youth," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-21, February.
    30. Rajković, Jelena & Nikolić, Milan & Ćoćkalo, Dragan & Stojanović, Edit Terek & Kovačić, Sanja, 2020. "National culture and the entrepreneurial intentions of students in Serbia ," Journal of East European Management Studies, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft mbH & Co. KG, vol. 25(1), pages 105-141.
    31. Nurdan Ozaralli & Nancy K. Rivenburgh, 2016. "Entrepreneurial intention: antecedents to entrepreneurial behavior in the U.S.A. and Turkey," Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Research, Springer;UNESCO Chair in Entrepreneurship, vol. 6(1), pages 1-32, December.
    32. Stelios Eliakis & Dimosthenis Kotsopoulos & Angeliki Karagiannaki & Katerina Pramatari, 2020. "Survival and Growth in Innovative Technology Entrepreneurship: A Mixed-Methods Investigation," Administrative Sciences, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-36, July.
    33. World Bank, 2020. "Doing Business 2020," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 32436, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Helena Fidlerová & Augustín Stareček & Natália Vraňaková & Cagri Bulut & Michael Keaney, 2022. "Sustainable Entrepreneurship for Business Opportunity Recognition: Analysis of an Awareness Questionnaire among Organisations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-15, January.
    2. Zhao Xu & Weijie Pan & Yukang Hou & Kailun He & Jian Lv, 2022. "A Decision Tree Model for Analysis and Judgment of Lower Limb Movement Comfort Level," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-21, May.
    3. Claudio Castro-López & Purificación Vicente-Galindo & Purificación Galindo-Villardón & Oscar Borrego-Hernández, 2022. "TAID-LCA: Segmentation Algorithm Based on Ternary Trees," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-16, February.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Najmul Hoda & Naim Ahmad & Shankar Lal Gupta & Mohammad Mahtab Alam & Irfan Ahmad, 2021. "Application of Entrepreneurial Intention Model in Comparative International Entrepreneurship Research: A Cross-Cultural Study of India and Saudi Arabia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-23, December.
    2. Ben Youssef, Adel & Boubaker, Sabri & Dedaj, But & Carabregu-Vokshi, Mjellma, 2021. "Digitalization of the economy and entrepreneurship intention," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
    3. Pham, Dung & Jones, Paul & Dobson, Stephen & Liñán, Francisco & Viala, Céline, 2021. "Entrepreneurial implementation intention as a tool to moderate the stability of entrepreneurial goal intention: A sensemaking approach," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 97-105.
    4. Renata Dana Nițu-Antonie & Emőke-Szidónia Feder & Kristina Stamenovic & Adrian Brudan, 2022. "A Moderated Serial–Parallel Mediation Model of Sustainable Entrepreneurial Intention of Youth with Higher Education Studies in Romania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-22, October.
    5. Fernando Castelló-Sirvent & Pablo Pinazo-Dallenbach, 2021. "Corruption Shock in Mexico: fsQCA Analysis of Entrepreneurial Intention in University Students," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(14), pages 1-31, July.
    6. Anca-Otilia Dodescu & Elena-Aurelia Botezat & Alexandru Constăngioară & Ioana-Crina Pop-Cohuţ, 2021. "A Partial Least-Square Mediation Analysis of the Contribution of Cross-Campus Entrepreneurship Education to Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-26, August.
    7. Tantawy, Maha & Herbert, Kendall & McNally, Jeffrey J. & Mengel, Thomas & Piperopoulos, Panagiotis & Foord, David, 2021. "Bringing creativity back to entrepreneurship education: Creative self-efficacy, creative process engagement, and entrepreneurial intentions," Journal of Business Venturing Insights, Elsevier, vol. 15(C).
    8. Hussein-Elhakim Al Issa, 2020. "The Influence of Education and Environmental Support on Entrepreneurial Intentions," International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), International Journal of Economics & Business Administration (IJEBA), vol. 0(4), pages 946-965.
    9. Elena-Loreni Baciu & Delia Vîrgă & Theofild-Andrei Lazăr & Delia Gligor & Cecilia-Nicoleta Jurcuț, 2020. "The Association between Entrepreneurial Perceived Behavioral Control, Personality, Empathy, and Assertiveness in a Romanian Sample of Nascent Entrepreneurs," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-16, December.
    10. Shehnaz Tehseen & Syed Arslan Haider, 2021. "Impact of Universities’ Partnerships on Students’ Sustainable Entrepreneurship Intentions: A Comparative Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-20, April.
    11. Tengku Mohd Azizuddin Tuan Mahmood & Abdullah Al Mamun & Ghazali Bin Ahmad & Mohamed Dahlan Ibrahim, 2019. "Predicting Entrepreneurial Intentions and Pre-Start-Up Behaviour among Asnaf Millennials," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-26, September.
    12. José Alberto Martínez-González & Carmen Dolores Álvarez-Albelo & Javier Mendoza-Jiménez & Urszula Kobylinska, 2022. "Predicting the Entrepreneurial Behaviour of Starting Up a New Company: A Regional Study Using PLS-SEM and Data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-25, February.
    13. Mansoor Shekarian & Mahour Parast, 2021. "Do Entrepreneurship Skills Improve Project Performance? A Project-Based Learning Perspective," Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation in Emerging Economies, Entrepreneurship Development Institute of India, vol. 30(2), pages 267-305, September.
    14. Xin-Hai Wang & Xiang You & Hsuan-Po Wang & Bo Wang & Wen-Ya Lai & Nanguang Su, 2023. "The Effect of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intention: Mediation of Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Moderating Model of Psychological Capital," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-20, January.
    15. Bingyan Tu & Roni Bhowmik & Md. Kamrul Hasan & Ahmed Al Asheq & Md. Atikur Rahaman & Xia Chen, 2021. "Graduate Students’ Behavioral Intention towards Social Entrepreneurship: Role of Social Vision, Innovativeness, Social Proactiveness, and Risk Taking," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-23, June.
    16. Pablo Rodriguez-Gutierrez & Luis Javier Cabeza-Ramírez & Guzmán Antonio Muñoz-Fernández, 2020. "University Students’ Behaviour towards Entrepreneurial Intention in Ecuador: Testing for the Influence of Gender," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-19, November.
    17. Gina Santos & Carla Susana Marques & João Ferreira, 2021. "The Influence of Embeddedness on Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Strategy: A Gender Perspective in the Agri-Food Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-29, August.
    18. Chen Fang & Liwen Chen, 2019. "Exploring the Entrepreneurial Intentions of Science and Engineering Students in China: A Q Methodology Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-16, May.
    19. Genshu Lu & Yaping Song & Bingchao Pan, 2021. "How University Entrepreneurship Support Affects College Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions: An Empirical Analysis from China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-25, March.
    20. Maria-Ana Georgescu & Emilia Herman, 2020. "The Impact of the Family Background on Students’ Entrepreneurial Intentions: An Empirical Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-18, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jmathe:v:9:y:2021:i:13:p:1487-:d:581663. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.