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Exploring Effective Built Environment Factors for Evaluating Pedestrian Volume in High-Density Areas: A New Finding for the Central Business District in Melbourne, Australia

Author

Listed:
  • Jiacheng Jiao

    (School of Architecture and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia)

  • John Rollo

    (School of Architecture and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia)

  • Baibai Fu

    (Key Laboratory of Digital Simulation in Architecture and Urban-Rural Spatial Design, Universities of Shandong, Jinan 250101, China
    School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China)

  • Chunlu Liu

    (School of Architecture and Built Environment, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3220, Australia)

Abstract

Previous studies have mostly examined how sustainable cities try to promote non-motorized travel by creating a walking-friendly environment. Such existing studies provide little data that identifies how the built environment affects pedestrian volume in high-density areas. This paper presents a methodology that combines person correlation analysis, stepwise regression, and principal component analysis for exploring the internal correlation and potential impact of built environment variables. To study this relationship, cross-sectional data in the Melbourne central business district were selected. Pearson’s correlation coefficient confirmed that visible green ratio and intersection density were not correlated to pedestrian volume. The results from stepwise regression showed that land-use mix degree, public transit stop density, and employment density could be associated with pedestrian volume. Moreover, two principal components were extracted by factor analysis. The result of the first component yielded an internal correlation where land-use and amenities components were positively associated with the pedestrian volume. Component 2 presents parking facilities density, which negatively relates to the pedestrian volume. Based on the results, existing street problems and policy recommendations were put forward to suggest diversifying community service within walking distance, improving the service level of the public transit system, and restricting on-street parking in Melbourne.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiacheng Jiao & John Rollo & Baibai Fu & Chunlu Liu, 2021. "Exploring Effective Built Environment Factors for Evaluating Pedestrian Volume in High-Density Areas: A New Finding for the Central Business District in Melbourne, Australia," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jlands:v:10:y:2021:i:6:p:655-:d:578183
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sugie Lee & Chisun Yoo & Kyung Wook Seo, 2020. "Determinant Factors of Pedestrian Volume in Different Land-Use Zones: Combining Space Syntax Metrics with GIS-Based Built-Environment Measures," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-15, October.
    2. Reid Ewing & Robert Cervero, 2010. "Travel and the Built Environment," Journal of the American Planning Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 76(3), pages 265-294.
    3. Jiacheng Jiao & John Rollo & Baibai Fu, 2021. "The Hidden Characteristics of Land-Use Mix Indices: An Overview and Validity Analysis Based on the Land Use in Melbourne, Australia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-19, February.
    4. Henry Kaiser, 1974. "An index of factorial simplicity," Psychometrika, Springer;The Psychometric Society, vol. 39(1), pages 31-36, March.
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    Cited by:

    1. Yiwei Bai & Yihang Bai & Ruoyu Wang & Tianren Yang & Xinyao Song & Bo Bai, 2023. "Exploring Associations between the Built Environment and Cycling Behaviour around Urban Greenways from a Human-Scale Perspective," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-19, March.
    2. Qi Chen & Yibo Yan & Xu Zhang & Jian Chen, 2022. "A Study on the Impact of Built Environment Elements on Satisfaction with Residency Whilst Considering Spatial Heterogeneity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-14, November.
    3. Tao Zhang & Yibo Yan & Qi Chen & Ze Liu, 2022. "Evaluation Method of Composite Development Bus Terminal Using Multi-Source Data Processing," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-14, October.

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