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Associations between Frailty and Ambient Temperature in Winter: Findings from a Population-Based Study

Author

Listed:
  • Fenfen Zhou

    (Department of Medical Statistic, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Wensu Zhou

    (Department of Medical Statistic, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Wenjuan Wang

    (Department of Medical Statistic, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China)

  • Chaonan Fan

    (Department of Medical Statistic, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China)

  • Wen Chen

    (Department of Medical Statistic, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China)

  • Li Ling

    (Department of Medical Statistic, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China)

Abstract

Frailty is an accumulation of deficits characterized by reduced resistance to stressors and increased vulnerability to adverse outcomes. However, there is little known about the effect of ambient temperature in winter on frailty among older adults, a population segment with the highest frailty prevalence. Thus, the objective of this study is to investigate the associations between frailty and ambient temperature in winter among older adults. This study was based on the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) of older adults aged ≥65 years from the 2005, 2008, 2011, and 2014 waves. The 39-item accumulation of frailty index (FI) was used to assess the frailty status of the participants. The FI was categorized into three groups as follows: robust (FI ≤ 0.10), prefrail (FI > 0.10 to <0.25), and frail (FI ≥ 0.25). Generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) were conducted to explore the associations between frailty and ambient temperature in winter. A generalized estimating equation (GEE) modification was applied in the sensitivity analysis. A total of 9421 participants were included with a mean age of 82.81 (SD: 11.32) years. Compared with respondents living in the highest quartile (≥7.5 °C) of average temperature in January, those in the lowest quartile (<−1.9 °C) had higher odds of prefrailty (OR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.17–1.57) and frailty (OR = 1.61, 95%CI 1.32–1.95). The associations were stronger among the low-education groups, agricultural workers before retirement, and non-current exercisers. Additionally, results from the GEE model reported consistent findings. Lower levels of ambient temperature in winter were associated with higher likelihoods of prefrailty and frailty. The findings on vulnerability characteristics could help improve public health practices to tailor cold temperature health education and warning information.

Suggested Citation

  • Fenfen Zhou & Wensu Zhou & Wenjuan Wang & Chaonan Fan & Wen Chen & Li Ling, 2022. "Associations between Frailty and Ambient Temperature in Winter: Findings from a Population-Based Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-16, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:20:y:2022:i:1:p:513-:d:1017988
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yukie Nakajima & Steven M. Schmidt & Agneta Malmgren Fänge & Mari Ono & Toshiharu Ikaga, 2019. "Relationship between Perceived Indoor Temperature and Self-Reported Risk for Frailty among Community-Dwelling Older People," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(4), pages 1-12, February.
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    4. Zeng, Y. & Gu, D. & Purser, J. & Hoenig, H. & Christakis, N., 2010. "Associations of environmental factors with elderly health and mortality in china," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 100(2), pages 298-305.
    5. Joost van Hoof & Helen Bennetts & Alana Hansen & Jan K. Kazak & Veronica Soebarto, 2019. "The Living Environment and Thermal Behaviours of Older South Australians: A Multi-Focus Group Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(6), pages 1-19, March.
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