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Domestic Water Service Delivery Indicators and Frameworks for Monitoring, Evaluation, Policy and Planning: A Review

Author

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  • Georgia L. Kayser

    (The Water Institute, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA)

  • Patrick Moriarty

    (IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre, Bezuidenhoutseweg 2, The Hague 2594 AV, The Netherlands)

  • Catarina Fonseca

    (IRC International Water and Sanitation Centre, Bezuidenhoutseweg 2, The Hague 2594 AV, The Netherlands)

  • Jamie Bartram

    (The Water Institute, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA)

Abstract

Monitoring of water services informs policy and planning for national governments and the international community. Currently, the international monitoring system measures the type of drinking water source that households use. There have been calls for improved monitoring systems over several decades, some advocating use of multiple indicators. We review the literature on water service indicators and frameworks with a view to informing debate on their relevance to national and international monitoring. We describe the evidence concerning the relevance of each identified indicator to public health, economic development and human rights. We analyze the benefits and challenges of using these indicators separately and combined in an index as tools for planning, monitoring, and evaluating water services. We find substantial evidence on the importance of each commonly recommended indicator—service type, safety, quantity, accessibility, reliability or continuity of service, equity, and affordability. Several frameworks have been proposed that give structure to the relationships among individual indicators and some combine multiple indicator scores into a single index but few have been rigorously tested. More research is needed to understand if employing a composite metric of indicators is advantageous and how each indicator might be scored and scaled.

Suggested Citation

  • Georgia L. Kayser & Patrick Moriarty & Catarina Fonseca & Jamie Bartram, 2013. "Domestic Water Service Delivery Indicators and Frameworks for Monitoring, Evaluation, Policy and Planning: A Review," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-24, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:10:y:2013:i:10:p:4812-4835:d:29396
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. van Koppen, Barbara & Moriarty, Patrick & Boelee, Eline, 2006. "Multiple-use water services to advance the millennium development goals," IWMI Research Reports 44523, International Water Management Institute.
    2. Haas, Peter M., 1992. "Introduction: epistemic communities and international policy coordination," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 46(1), pages 1-35, January.
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    4. David Cutler & Grant Miller, 2005. "The role of public health improvements in health advances: The twentieth-century United States," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 42(1), pages 1-22, February.
    5. Cullis, J. & van Koppen, Barbara, 2007. "Applying the Gini Coefficient to measure inequality of water use in the Olifants River water management area, South Africa," IWMI Research Reports H040313, International Water Management Institute.
    6. Kyle Onda & Joe LoBuglio & Jamie Bartram, 2012. "Global Access to Safe Water: Accounting for Water Quality and the Resulting Impact on MDG Progress," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 9(3), pages 1-15, March.
    7. van Koppen, Barbara & Smits, S. & Moriarty, P. & Penning de Vries, F. & Mikhail, M. & Boelee, Eline, 2009. "Climbing the water ladder: multiple-use water services for poverty reduction," IWMI Books, Reports H042336, International Water Management Institute.
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    9. Jamie Bartram, 2008. "Improving on haves and have-nots," Nature, Nature, vol. 452(7185), pages 283-284, March.
    10. Barbara van Koppen & Patrick Moriarty & Eline Boelee, 2006. "Multiple-Use Water Services to Advance the Millennium Development Goals," IWMI Research Reports H038377, International Water Management Institute.
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    2. Shibao Lu & Jianhua Wang & Liang Pei, 2016. "Study on the Effects of Irrigation with Reclaimed Water on the Content and Distribution of Heavy Metals in Soil," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-10, March.

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