IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v18y2025i7p1655-d1620816.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Energy Efficiency, Local Entropy Sources and Exergy Analysis in Measuring Orifice Plates: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach

Author

Listed:
  • Marcin Kruzel

    (Department of Power Engineering, Koszalin University of Technology, 75-453 Koszalin, Poland)

  • Krzysztof J. Wołosz

    (CERED Centre of Excellence, Warsaw University of Technology, 09-400 Płock, Poland)

Abstract

Accurate flow measurement is crucial for energy efficiency in industrial applications. This study investigates entropy generation in measuring orifice plates under high-pressure conditions (80 bar, 400 °C) using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) in OpenFOAM. Two turbulence models, k-ω SST and Spalart–Allmaras, are employed to analyze compressible steam flow and identify local entropy sources. Building on recent findings, this research explores the hypothesis that the discharge coefficient reflects entropy generation. The orifice plate’s abrupt flow contraction and expansion contribute to significant energy dissipation, affecting exergy efficiency. By quantifying entropy sources through numerical simulations, this study provides insights into optimizing flow metering techniques and reducing irreversibilities. The results show a strong correlation between entropy generation and the discharge coefficient, offering a new approach to improving measurement accuracy. This research supports the advancement of energy-efficient flow measurement methods, aligning with sustainable engineering practices.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcin Kruzel & Krzysztof J. Wołosz, 2025. "Energy Efficiency, Local Entropy Sources and Exergy Analysis in Measuring Orifice Plates: A Computational Fluid Dynamics Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-24, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:7:p:1655-:d:1620816
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/7/1655/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/18/7/1655/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yang, Yan & Zhu, Xiaowei & Yan, Yuying & Ding, Hongbing & Wen, Chuang, 2019. "Performance of supersonic steam ejectors considering the nonequilibrium condensation phenomenon for efficient energy utilisation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 242(C), pages 157-167.
    2. Jarungthammachote, Sompop, 2010. "Entropy generation analysis for fully developed laminar convection in hexagonal duct subjected to constant heat flux," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(12), pages 5374-5379.
    3. Barbara Tomaszewska-Wach, 2023. "Numerical Analysis of the Differential Flowmeter: Standard Orifice and Slotted Orifices," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-19, July.
    4. Hassan, H.Z., 2013. "Evaluation of the local exergy destruction in the intake and fan of a turbofan engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 245-251.
    5. Arjmandi, H.R. & Amani, E., 2015. "A numerical investigation of the entropy generation in and thermodynamic optimization of a combustion chamber," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 706-718.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Amani, E. & Nobari, M.R.H., 2011. "A numerical investigation of entropy generation in the entrance region of curved pipes at constant wall temperature," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(8), pages 4909-4918.
    2. Tang, Yongzhi & Liu, Zhongliang & Li, Yanxia & Huang, Zhifeng & Chua, Kian Jon, 2021. "Study on fundamental link between mixing efficiency and entrainment performance of a steam ejector," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 215(PB).
    3. Ding, Hongbing & Zhang, Panpan & Dong, Yuanyuan & Yang, Yan, 2024. "Optimization of hydrogen recirculation ejector for proton-exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) systems considering non-equilibrium condensation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(PC).
    4. Jie Wang & Hongfang Gu, 2021. "A Study of Moist Air Condensation Characteristics in a Transonic Flow System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-12, July.
    5. Torabi, Mohsen & Zhang, Kaili & Yang, Guangcheng & Wang, Jun & Wu, Peng, 2014. "Temperature distribution, local and total entropy generation analyses in asymmetric cooling composite geometries with multiple nonlinearities: Effect of imperfect thermal contact," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 218-234.
    6. Asgari, Behrad & Amani, Ehsan, 2017. "A multi-objective CFD optimization of liquid fuel spray injection in dry-low-emission gas-turbine combustors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 696-710.
    7. Mohammadi, Iman & Ajam, Hossein, 2019. "A theoretical study of entropy generation of the combustion phenomenon in the porous medium burner," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    8. Lucia, Umberto, 2014. "Thermodynamic approach to nano-properties of cell membrane," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 407(C), pages 185-191.
    9. Chen, Jianan & Gao, YuanYuan & Li, Anna & Huang, Zhu & Jiang, Wenming, 2024. "Virtual nozzle phenomenon caused by separation bubble during CO2 capture," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).
    10. Aliabadi, Mohammad Ali Faghih & Lakzian, Esmail & Khazaei, Iman & Jahangiri, Ali, 2020. "A comprehensive investigation of finding the best location for hot steam injection into the wet steam turbine blade cascade," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    11. Yan Yang & Haoping Peng & Chuang Wen, 2019. "Sand Transport and Deposition Behaviour in Subsea Pipelines for Flow Assurance," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-12, October.
    12. Arjmandi, H.R. & Amani, E., 2015. "A numerical investigation of the entropy generation in and thermodynamic optimization of a combustion chamber," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 706-718.
    13. Hajmohammadi, M.R. & Eskandari, H. & Saffar-Avval, M. & Campo, A., 2013. "A new configuration of bend tubes for compound optimization of heat and fluid flow," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 62(C), pages 418-424.
    14. Zhang, Guojie & Dykas, Sławomir & Li, Pan & Li, Hang & Wang, Junlei, 2020. "Accurate condensing steam flow modeling in the ejector of the solar-driven refrigeration system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 212(C).
    15. Ekici, Selcuk, 2020. "Investigating routes performance of flight profile generated based on the off-design point: Elaboration of commercial aircraft-engine pairing," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    16. Han, Qingyang & Feng, Haodong & Zhang, Hailun & Wang, Lei & Xue, Haoyuan & Sun, Wenxu & Jia, Lei, 2024. "Model optimization and mechanism analysis of two-stage ejector considering nonequilibrium condensation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 310(C).
    17. Şöhret, Yasin & Açıkkalp, Emin & Hepbasli, Arif & Karakoc, T. Hikmet, 2015. "Advanced exergy analysis of an aircraft gas turbine engine: Splitting exergy destructions into parts," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(P2), pages 1219-1228.
    18. Chen, Jianan & Huang, Zhu & Li, Anna & Gao, Ran & Jiang, Wenming, 2022. "Carbon capture in laval nozzles with different bicubic parametric curves and translation of witoszynski curves," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    19. Liu, Yaming & Chen, Sheng & Liu, Shi & Feng, Yongxin & Xu, Kai & Zheng, Chuguang, 2016. "Methane combustion in various regimes: First and second thermodynamic-law comparison between air-firing and oxyfuel condition," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 115(P1), pages 26-37.
    20. Bian, Jiang & Guo, Dan & Li, Yuxuan & Cai, Weihua & Hua, Yihuai & Cao, Xuewen, 2022. "Homogeneous nucleation and condensation mechanism of methane gas: A molecular simulation perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:18:y:2025:i:7:p:1655-:d:1620816. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.