IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v14y2021i9p2630-d548593.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Wind and Solar Intermittency and the Associated Integration Challenges: A Comprehensive Review Including the Status in the Belgian Power System

Author

Listed:
  • Siavash Asiaban

    (Department of Electromechanical, Systems and Metal Engineering, Ghent University, Tech Lane Ghent Science Park—Campus Ardoyen, Technologiepark—Zwijnaarde 131, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium)

  • Nezmin Kayedpour

    (Department of Electromechanical, Systems and Metal Engineering, Ghent University, Tech Lane Ghent Science Park—Campus Ardoyen, Technologiepark—Zwijnaarde 131, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
    FlandersMake@UGent—Corelab EEDT-DC, Flanders Make, 9052 Ghent, Belgium)

  • Arash E. Samani

    (Department of Electromechanical, Systems and Metal Engineering, Ghent University, Tech Lane Ghent Science Park—Campus Ardoyen, Technologiepark—Zwijnaarde 131, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
    FlandersMake@UGent—Corelab EEDT-DC, Flanders Make, 9052 Ghent, Belgium)

  • Dimitar Bozalakov

    (Department of Electromechanical, Systems and Metal Engineering, Ghent University, Tech Lane Ghent Science Park—Campus Ardoyen, Technologiepark—Zwijnaarde 131, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
    FlandersMake@UGent—Corelab EEDT-DC, Flanders Make, 9052 Ghent, Belgium)

  • Jeroen D. M. De Kooning

    (Department of Electromechanical, Systems and Metal Engineering, Ghent University, Tech Lane Ghent Science Park—Campus Ardoyen, Technologiepark—Zwijnaarde 131, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
    FlandersMake@UGent—Corelab EEDT-MP, Flanders Make, 9052 Ghent, Belgium)

  • Guillaume Crevecoeur

    (Department of Electromechanical, Systems and Metal Engineering, Ghent University, Tech Lane Ghent Science Park—Campus Ardoyen, Technologiepark—Zwijnaarde 131, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
    FlandersMake@UGent—Corelab EEDT-DC, Flanders Make, 9052 Ghent, Belgium)

  • Lieven Vandevelde

    (Department of Electromechanical, Systems and Metal Engineering, Ghent University, Tech Lane Ghent Science Park—Campus Ardoyen, Technologiepark—Zwijnaarde 131, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium
    FlandersMake@UGent—Corelab EEDT-DC, Flanders Make, 9052 Ghent, Belgium)

Abstract

Renewable Energy Sources (RES) have drawn significant attention in the past years to make the transition towards low carbon emissions. On the one hand, the intermittent nature of RES, resulting in variable power generation, hinders their high-level penetration in the power system. On the other hand, RES can aid not only to supply much more eco-friendly energy but also it allows the power system to enhance its stability by ancillary service provision. This article reviews the challenges related to the most intermittent RES utilised in Belgium, that is, wind energy and solar energy. Additionally, wind speed and solar irradiance variations, which are the cause of wind and solar intermittency, are studied. Then, recent techniques to forecast their changes, and approaches to accommodate or mitigate their impacts on the power system, are discussed. Finally, the latest statistics and future situation of RES in the Belgian power system are evaluated.

Suggested Citation

  • Siavash Asiaban & Nezmin Kayedpour & Arash E. Samani & Dimitar Bozalakov & Jeroen D. M. De Kooning & Guillaume Crevecoeur & Lieven Vandevelde, 2021. "Wind and Solar Intermittency and the Associated Integration Challenges: A Comprehensive Review Including the Status in the Belgian Power System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-41, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:9:p:2630-:d:548593
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/9/2630/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/9/2630/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Stamatios Ntanos & Grigorios Kyriakopoulos & Miltiadis Chalikias & Garyfallos Arabatzis & Michalis Skordoulis, 2018. "Public Perceptions and Willingness to Pay for Renewable Energy: A Case Study from Greece," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-16, March.
    2. Shawn Olson Hazboun & Hilary Schaffer Boudet, 2020. "Public Preferences in a Shifting Energy Future: Comparing Public Views of Eight Energy Sources in North America’s Pacific Northwest," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-21, April.
    3. González-Aparicio, I. & Zucker, A., 2015. "Impact of wind power uncertainty forecasting on the market integration of wind energy in Spain," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C), pages 334-349.
    4. Edwards, P.P. & Kuznetsov, V.L. & David, W.I.F. & Brandon, N.P., 2008. "Hydrogen and fuel cells: Towards a sustainable energy future," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(12), pages 4356-4362, December.
    5. Ayat-allah Bouramdane & Alexis Tantet & Philippe Drobinski, 2020. "Adequacy of Renewable Energy Mixes with Concentrated Solar Power and Photovoltaic in Morocco: Impact of Thermal Storage and Cost," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-34, September.
    6. Al-Yahyai, Sultan & Charabi, Yassine & Gastli, Adel, 2010. "Review of the use of Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) Models for wind energy assessment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(9), pages 3192-3198, December.
    7. Díaz-González, Francisco & Hau, Melanie & Sumper, Andreas & Gomis-Bellmunt, Oriol, 2014. "Participation of wind power plants in system frequency control: Review of grid code requirements and control methods," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 551-564.
    8. Lund, Henrik, 2007. "Renewable energy strategies for sustainable development," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(6), pages 912-919.
    9. Aasim, & Singh, S.N. & Mohapatra, Abheejeet, 2019. "Repeated wavelet transform based ARIMA model for very short-term wind speed forecasting," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 758-768.
    10. Zhang, Zhao-Sui & Sun, Yuan-Zhang & Cheng, Lin, 2013. "Potential of trading wind power as regulation services in the California short-term electricity market," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 885-897.
    11. Notton, Gilles & Nivet, Marie-Laure & Voyant, Cyril & Paoli, Christophe & Darras, Christophe & Motte, Fabrice & Fouilloy, Alexis, 2018. "Intermittent and stochastic character of renewable energy sources: Consequences, cost of intermittence and benefit of forecasting," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 96-105.
    12. Bernal-Agustín, José L. & Dufo-López, Rodolfo & Rivas-Ascaso, David M., 2006. "Design of isolated hybrid systems minimizing costs and pollutant emissions," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 31(14), pages 2227-2244.
    13. Ribeiro, Fernando & Ferreira, Paula & Araújo, Madalena & Braga, Ana Cristina, 2014. "Public opinion on renewable energy technologies in Portugal," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 39-50.
    14. Rahimi, Ehsan & Rabiee, Abdorreza & Aghaei, Jamshid & Muttaqi, Kashem M. & Esmaeel Nezhad, Ali, 2013. "On the management of wind power intermittency," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 28(C), pages 643-653.
    15. Deo, Ravinesh C. & Wen, Xiaohu & Qi, Feng, 2016. "A wavelet-coupled support vector machine model for forecasting global incident solar radiation using limited meteorological dataset," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 568-593.
    16. Yang, Yuqing & Bremner, Stephen & Menictas, Chris & Kay, Merlinde, 2018. "Battery energy storage system size determination in renewable energy systems: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 109-125.
    17. Esteban, M. Dolores & Diez, J. Javier & López, Jose S. & Negro, Vicente, 2011. "Why offshore wind energy?," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 444-450.
    18. Dimitar Bozalakov & Mohannad J. Mnati & Joannes Laveyne & Jan Desmet & Lieven Vandevelde, 2019. "Battery Storage Integration in Voltage Unbalance and Overvoltage Mitigation Control Strategies and Its Impact on the Power Quality," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-26, April.
    19. Mohr, S.H. & Evans, G.M., 2011. "Long term forecasting of natural gas production," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(9), pages 5550-5560, September.
    20. Jens Baetens & Jeroen D. M. De Kooning & Greet Van Eetvelde & Lieven Vandevelde, 2020. "A Two-Stage Stochastic Optimisation Methodology for the Operation of a Chlor-Alkali Electrolyser under Variable DAM and FCR Market Prices," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-19, October.
    21. Liu, Hui & Tian, Hong-qi & Li, Yan-fei, 2012. "Comparison of two new ARIMA-ANN and ARIMA-Kalman hybrid methods for wind speed prediction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 98(C), pages 415-424.
    22. Singarao, Venkatesh Yadav & Rao, Vittal S., 2016. "Frequency responsive services by wind generation resources in United States," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 1097-1108.
    23. Pfenninger, Stefan & Keirstead, James, 2015. "Renewables, nuclear, or fossil fuels? Scenarios for Great Britain’s power system considering costs, emissions and energy security," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 152(C), pages 83-93.
    24. Muhammad Shahzad Nazir & Fahad Alturise & Sami Alshmrany & Hafiz. M. J Nazir & Muhammad Bilal & Ahmad N. Abdalla & P. Sanjeevikumar & Ziad M. Ali, 2020. "Wind Generation Forecasting Methods and Proliferation of Artificial Neural Network: A Review of Five Years Research Trend," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-27, May.
    25. Diana Enescu & Gianfranco Chicco & Radu Porumb & George Seritan, 2020. "Thermal Energy Storage for Grid Applications: Current Status and Emerging Trends," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-21, January.
    26. Holger C. Hesse & Michael Schimpe & Daniel Kucevic & Andreas Jossen, 2017. "Lithium-Ion Battery Storage for the Grid—A Review of Stationary Battery Storage System Design Tailored for Applications in Modern Power Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(12), pages 1-42, December.
    27. Ghimire, Sujan & Deo, Ravinesh C. & Raj, Nawin & Mi, Jianchun, 2019. "Deep solar radiation forecasting with convolutional neural network and long short-term memory network algorithms," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C), pages 1-1.
    28. Gutiérrez-Martín, F. & Da Silva-Álvarez, R.A. & Montoro-Pintado, P., 2013. "Effects of wind intermittency on reduction of CO2 emissions: The case of the Spanish power system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 108-117.
    29. Karunanithi, K. & Saravanan, S. & Prabakar, B.R. & Kannan, S. & Thangaraj, C., 2017. "Integration of Demand and Supply Side Management strategies in Generation Expansion Planning," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 966-982.
    30. Mohamad Norshahrani & Hazlie Mokhlis & Ab. Halim Abu Bakar & Jasrul Jamani Jamian & Shivashankar Sukumar, 2017. "Progress on Protection Strategies to Mitigate the Impact of Renewable Distributed Generation on Distribution Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-30, November.
    31. Zhao, Haoran & Wu, Qiuwei & Hu, Shuju & Xu, Honghua & Rasmussen, Claus Nygaard, 2015. "Review of energy storage system for wind power integration support," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 545-553.
    32. Sharifian, Amir & Ghadi, M. Jabbari & Ghavidel, Sahand & Li, Li & Zhang, Jiangfeng, 2018. "A new method based on Type-2 fuzzy neural network for accurate wind power forecasting under uncertain data," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 220-230.
    33. Wang, Yun & Wang, Haibo & Srinivasan, Dipti & Hu, Qinghua, 2019. "Robust functional regression for wind speed forecasting based on Sparse Bayesian learning," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 132(C), pages 43-60.
    34. Zhao, Yang & Noori, Mehdi & Tatari, Omer, 2017. "Boosting the adoption and the reliability of renewable energy sources: Mitigating the large-scale wind power intermittency through vehicle to grid technology," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 608-618.
    35. Østergaard, Poul Alberg, 2006. "Ancillary services and the integration of substantial quantities of wind power," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 83(5), pages 451-463, May.
    36. González, Arnau & Riba, Jordi-Roger & Rius, Antoni & Puig, Rita, 2015. "Optimal sizing of a hybrid grid-connected photovoltaic and wind power system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 752-762.
    37. Ren, Guorui & Liu, Jinfu & Wan, Jie & Guo, Yufeng & Yu, Daren, 2017. "Overview of wind power intermittency: Impacts, measurements, and mitigation solutions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 47-65.
    38. Hodge, Bri-Mathias & Brancucci Martinez-Anido, Carlo & Wang, Qin & Chartan, Erol & Florita, Anthony & Kiviluoma, Juha, 2018. "The combined value of wind and solar power forecasting improvements and electricity storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 214(C), pages 1-15.
    39. Zhang, H.L. & Baeyens, J. & Degrève, J. & Cacères, G., 2013. "Concentrated solar power plants: Review and design methodology," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 466-481.
    40. Hussein Ibrahim & Adrian Ilinca, 2013. "Techno-Economic Analysis of Different Energy Storage Technologies," Chapters, in: Ahmed F. Zobaa (ed.), Energy Storage - Technologies and Applications, IntechOpen.
    41. Harker Steele, Amanda J. & Burnett, J. Wesley & Bergstrom, John C., 2021. "The impact of variable renewable energy resources on power system reliability," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    42. Daniel Suchet & Adrien Jeantet & Thomas Elghozi & Zacharie Jehl, 2020. "Defining and Quantifying Intermittency in the Power Sector," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-12, July.
    43. Van-Hai Bui & Akhtar Hussain & Thai-Thanh Nguyen & Hak-Man Kim, 2021. "Multi-Objective Stochastic Optimization for Determining Set-Point of Wind Farm System," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-16, January.
    44. Subodh Kharel & Bahman Shabani, 2018. "Hydrogen as a Long-Term Large-Scale Energy Storage Solution to Support Renewables," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(10), pages 1-17, October.
    45. Lazar Šćekić & Saša Mujović & Vladan Radulović, 2020. "Pumped Hydroelectric Energy Storage as a Facilitator of Renewable Energy in Liberalized Electricity Market," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-18, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Chutian Yu & Xinyi Lai & Fei Chen & Chenwei Jiang & Yikai Sun & Lijun Zhang & Fushuan Wen & Donglian Qi, 2022. "Multi-Time Period Optimal Dispatch Strategy for Integrated Energy System Considering Renewable Energy Generation Accommodation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-18, June.
    2. Ahmed Fathy & Abdulmohsen Alanazi, 2023. "An Efficient White Shark Optimizer for Enhancing the Performance of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-21, July.
    3. Mujammil Asdhiyoga Rahmanta & Andrew Cahyo Adhi & Handrea Bernando Tambunan & Wigas Digwijaya & Natalina Damanik & Rahmat Adiprasetya Al Hasibi, 2023. "An Analysis of National Position, Opportunity, and Challenge of Indonesia’s Nuclear Program to Support Net-Zero Emissions by 2060," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(24), pages 1-37, December.
    4. Shuangshuang Zhou & Juan Yang & Shiwei Yu, 2022. "A Stochastic Multi-Objective Model for China’s Provincial Generation-Mix Planning: Considering Variable Renewable and Transmission Capacity," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(8), pages 1-26, April.
    5. Tolga Kara & Ahmet Duran Şahin, 2023. "Implications of Climate Change on Wind Energy Potential," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-26, October.
    6. Syed Muhammad Mohsin & Tahir Maqsood & Sajjad Ahmed Madani, 2022. "Solar and Wind Energy Forecasting for Green and Intelligent Migration of Traditional Energy Sources," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-20, December.
    7. José Calixto Lopes & Thales Sousa, 2022. "Transmission System Electromechanical Stability Analysis with High Penetration of Renewable Generation and Battery Energy Storage System Application," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-23, March.
    8. Laura Essak & Aritra Ghosh, 2022. "Floating Photovoltaics: A Review," Clean Technol., MDPI, vol. 4(3), pages 1-18, August.
    9. Mika Goto & Hiroshi Kitamura & Daishi Sagawa & Taichi Obara & Kenji Tanaka, 2023. "Simulation Analysis of Electricity Demand and Supply in Japanese Communities Focusing on Solar PV, Battery Storage, and Electricity Trading," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-24, July.
    10. Ashleigh Townsend & Rupert Gouws, 2022. "A Comparative Review of Lead-Acid, Lithium-Ion and Ultra-Capacitor Technologies and Their Degradation Mechanisms," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-29, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Lim, Juin Yau & Safder, Usman & How, Bing Shen & Ifaei, Pouya & Yoo, Chang Kyoo, 2021. "Nationwide sustainable renewable energy and Power-to-X deployment planning in South Korea assisted with forecasting model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    2. Pablo Fernández-Bustamante & Oscar Barambones & Isidro Calvo & Cristian Napole & Mohamed Derbeli, 2021. "Provision of Frequency Response from Wind Farms: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-24, October.
    3. Simpson, J.G. & Hanrahan, G. & Loth, E. & Koenig, G.M. & Sadoway, D.R., 2021. "Liquid metal battery storage in an offshore wind turbine: Concept and economic analysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    4. Wang, Huaizhi & Xue, Wenli & Liu, Yitao & Peng, Jianchun & Jiang, Hui, 2020. "Probabilistic wind power forecasting based on spiking neural network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).
    5. Ander Zubiria & Álvaro Menéndez & Hans-Jürgen Grande & Pilar Meneses & Gregorio Fernández, 2022. "Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Problem for Energy Storage Technology Selection for Different Grid Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-25, October.
    6. Ren, Guorui & Liu, Jinfu & Wan, Jie & Guo, Yufeng & Yu, Daren, 2017. "Overview of wind power intermittency: Impacts, measurements, and mitigation solutions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 204(C), pages 47-65.
    7. Wei, Danxiang & Wang, Jianzhou & Niu, Xinsong & Li, Zhiwu, 2021. "Wind speed forecasting system based on gated recurrent units and convolutional spiking neural networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 292(C).
    8. Østergaard, P.A. & Lund, H. & Thellufsen, J.Z. & Sorknæs, P. & Mathiesen, B.V., 2022. "Review and validation of EnergyPLAN," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    9. Noman Khan & Fath U Min Ullah & Ijaz Ul Haq & Samee Ullah Khan & Mi Young Lee & Sung Wook Baik, 2021. "AB-Net: A Novel Deep Learning Assisted Framework for Renewable Energy Generation Forecasting," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 9(19), pages 1-18, October.
    10. Henrik Zsiborács & Gábor Pintér & András Vincze & Nóra Hegedűsné Baranyai, 2022. "Wind Power Generation Scheduling Accuracy in Europe: An Overview of ENTSO-E Countries," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-58, December.
    11. Lu, Peng & Ye, Lin & Pei, Ming & Zhao, Yongning & Dai, Binhua & Li, Zhuo, 2022. "Short-term wind power forecasting based on meteorological feature extraction and optimization strategy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C), pages 642-661.
    12. Van-Hai Bui & Xuan Quynh Nguyen & Akhtar Hussain & Wencong Su, 2021. "Optimal Sizing of Energy Storage System for Operation of Wind Farms Considering Grid-Code Constraints," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-19, September.
    13. Mostafa Farrokhabadi, 2019. "Data-Driven Mitigation of Energy Scheduling Inaccuracy in Renewable-Penetrated Grids: Summerside Electric Use Case," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-23, June.
    14. Hannan, M.A. & Faisal, M. & Jern Ker, Pin & Begum, R.A. & Dong, Z.Y. & Zhang, C., 2020. "Review of optimal methods and algorithms for sizing energy storage systems to achieve decarbonization in microgrid applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 131(C).
    15. Nallapaneni Manoj Kumar & Aneesh A. Chand & Maria Malvoni & Kushal A. Prasad & Kabir A. Mamun & F.R. Islam & Shauhrat S. Chopra, 2020. "Distributed Energy Resources and the Application of AI, IoT, and Blockchain in Smart Grids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-42, November.
    16. Ghosh, Sourav & Yadav, Sarita & Devi, Ambika & Thomas, Tiju, 2022. "Techno-economic understanding of Indian energy-storage market: A perspective on green materials-based supercapacitor technologies," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).
    17. Lewis, Matt & McNaughton, James & Márquez-Dominguez, Concha & Todeschini, Grazia & Togneri, Michael & Masters, Ian & Allmark, Matthew & Stallard, Tim & Neill, Simon & Goward-Brown, Alice & Robins, Pet, 2019. "Power variability of tidal-stream energy and implications for electricity supply," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 1061-1074.
    18. Krajacic, Goran & Duic, Neven & Carvalho, Maria da Graça, 2011. "How to achieve a 100% RES electricity supply for Portugal?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(2), pages 508-517, February.
    19. Liu, Shuai & Wei, Li & Wang, Huai, 2020. "Review on reliability of supercapacitors in energy storage applications," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 278(C).
    20. Zhao, Yongning & Ye, Lin & Li, Zhi & Song, Xuri & Lang, Yansheng & Su, Jian, 2016. "A novel bidirectional mechanism based on time series model for wind power forecasting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 793-803.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:9:p:2630-:d:548593. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.