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Transportation-Mission-Based Optimization of Heterogeneous Heavy-Vehicle Fleet Including Electrified Propulsion

Author

Listed:
  • Toheed Ghandriz

    (Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Division of Vehicle Engineering and Autonomous Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Bengt Jacobson

    (Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Division of Vehicle Engineering and Autonomous Systems, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Manjurul Islam

    (Volvo Autonomous Solutions, SE-40508 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Jonas Hellgren

    (Volvo Autonomous Solutions, SE-40508 Gothenburg, Sweden)

  • Leo Laine

    (Volvo Group Trucks Technology, SE-40508 Gothenburg, Sweden)

Abstract

Commercial-vehicle manufacturers design vehicles to operate over a wide range of transportation tasks and driving cycles. However, certain possibilities of reducing emissions, manufacturing and operational costs from end vehicles are neglected if the target range of transportation tasks is narrow and known in advance, especially in case of electrified propulsion. Apart from real-time energy optimization, vehicle hardware can be meticulously tailored to best fit a known transportation task. As proposed in this study, a heterogeneous fleet of heavy-vehicles can be designed in a more cost- and energy-efficient manner, if the coupling between vehicle hardware, transportation mission, and infrastructure is considered during initial conceptual-design stages. To this end, a rather large optimization problem was defined and solved to minimize the total cost of fleet ownership in an integrated manner for a real-world case study. In the said case-study, design variables of optimization problem included mission, recharging infrastructure, loading–unloading scheme, number of vehicles of each type, number of trips, vehicle-loading capacity, selection between conventional, fully electric, and hybrid powertrains, size of internal-combustion engines and electric motors, number of axles being powered, and type and size of battery packs. This study demonstrated that by means of integrated fleet customization, battery-electric heavy-vehicles could strongly compete against their conventional combustion-powered counterparts. The primary focus has been put on optimizing vehicle propulsion, transport mission, infrastructure and fleet size rather than routing.

Suggested Citation

  • Toheed Ghandriz & Bengt Jacobson & Manjurul Islam & Jonas Hellgren & Leo Laine, 2021. "Transportation-Mission-Based Optimization of Heterogeneous Heavy-Vehicle Fleet Including Electrified Propulsion," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-43, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:14:y:2021:i:11:p:3221-:d:566434
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    1. Marcin Łuszczyk & Adam Sulich & Barbara Siuta-Tokarska & Tomasz Zema & Agnieszka Thier, 2021. "The Development of Electromobility in the European Union: Evidence from Poland and Cross-Country Comparisons," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(24), pages 1-18, December.
    2. Piotr Wróblewski & Wojciech Lewicki, 2021. "A Method of Analyzing the Residual Values of Low-Emission Vehicles Based on a Selected Expert Method Taking into Account Stochastic Operational Parameters," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-24, October.

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