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Pipe Sizing for Novel Heat Distribution Technology

Author

Listed:
  • Helge Averfalk

    (School of Business, Engineering and Science, Halmstad University, P.O. Box 823, SE 30118 Halmstad, Sweden)

  • Fredric Ottermo

    (School of Business, Engineering and Science, Halmstad University, P.O. Box 823, SE 30118 Halmstad, Sweden)

  • Sven Werner

    (School of Business, Engineering and Science, Halmstad University, P.O. Box 823, SE 30118 Halmstad, Sweden)

Abstract

This paper assesses pipe sizing aspects for previously proposed, novel, low heat distribution technology with three pipes. Assessment issues include heat loss, pressure loss, and pipe sizing for different typical pipe configurations. This assessment has been provided by the analysis of a case area with single-family houses. Concerning heat loss, the proposed three-pipe solutions have the same magnitude of heat loss as conventional twin pipes, since lower return temperatures compensate for the larger heat loss area from the third pipe. Regarding pressure loss, the main restriction on the size of the third pipe is limited to the pressure loss in the third pipe. Thermostatic valves to manage the flow rate of the third pipe are advocated, since alternative small pumps have not been found to be commercially available. The pipe sizing recommendation is that the third pipe for recirculation purposes can be two to three standard pipe sizes smaller than the corresponding supply and return pipe, if no prosumer is connected in the heat distribution network.

Suggested Citation

  • Helge Averfalk & Fredric Ottermo & Sven Werner, 2019. "Pipe Sizing for Novel Heat Distribution Technology," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-17, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:12:y:2019:i:7:p:1276-:d:219472
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Brand, Lisa & Calvén, Alexandra & Englund, Jessica & Landersjö, Henrik & Lauenburg, Patrick, 2014. "Smart district heating networks – A simulation study of prosumers’ impact on technical parameters in distribution networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 39-48.
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    4. Lund, Henrik & Werner, Sven & Wiltshire, Robin & Svendsen, Svend & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Hvelplund, Frede & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2014. "4th Generation District Heating (4GDH)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 1-11.
    5. Lund, Henrik & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Chang, Miguel & Werner, Sven & Svendsen, Svend & Sorknæs, Peter & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Hvelplund, Frede & Mortensen, Bent Ole Gram & Mathiesen, Brian Vad & Boje, 2018. "The status of 4th generation district heating: Research and results," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 147-159.
    6. Brange, Lisa & Englund, Jessica & Lauenburg, Patrick, 2016. "Prosumers in district heating networks – A Swedish case study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 492-500.
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    8. Dalla Rosa, A. & Li, H. & Svendsen, S., 2011. "Method for optimal design of pipes for low-energy district heating, with focus on heat losses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 2407-2418.
    9. Werner, Sven, 2017. "International review of district heating and cooling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 617-631.
    10. Connolly, D. & Lund, H. & Mathiesen, B.V. & Werner, S. & Möller, B. & Persson, U. & Boermans, T. & Trier, D. & Østergaard, P.A. & Nielsen, S., 2014. "Heat Roadmap Europe: Combining district heating with heat savings to decarbonise the EU energy system," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 475-489.
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    Cited by:

    1. Gerald Schweiger & Fabian Kuttin & Alfred Posch, 2019. "District Heating Systems: An Analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats of the 4GDH," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-15, December.
    2. Werner, Sven, 2022. "Network configurations for implemented low-temperature district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 254(PB).
    3. Romanov, D. & Leiss, B., 2022. "Geothermal energy at different depths for district heating and cooling of existing and future building stock," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    4. Michele Tunzi & Matthieu Ruysschaert & Svend Svendsen & Kevin Michael Smith, 2020. "Double Loop Network for Combined Heating and Cooling in Low Heat Density Areas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-24, November.

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