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Method for optimal design of pipes for low-energy district heating, with focus on heat losses

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  • Dalla Rosa, A.
  • Li, H.
  • Svendsen, S.

Abstract

The synergy between highly energy-efficient buildings and low-energy district heating (DH) systems is a promising concept for the optimal integration of energy-saving policies and energy supply systems based on renewable energy (RE). Network transmission and distribution heat loss is one of the key factors in the optimal design of low-energy DH systems. Various pipe configurations are considered in this paper: flexible pre-insulated twin pipes with symmetrical or asymmetrical insulation, double pipes, and triple pipes. These technologies represent potential energy-efficient and cost-effective solutions for DH networks in low-heat density areas. We start with a review of theories and methods for steady-state heat loss calculation. Next, the article shows how detailed calculations with 2D-modeling of pipes can be carried out by means of computer software based on the finite element method (FEM). The model was validated by comparison with experimental measurements, analytical formulas, and data from the literature. We took into account the influence of the temperature-dependent conductivity coefficient of polyurethane insulation foam, which enabled us to achieve a high degree of accuracy. We also showed the influence of the soil temperature throughout the year. Finally, the article describes proposals for the optimal design of pipes for low-energy applications and presents methods for decreasing heat losses.

Suggested Citation

  • Dalla Rosa, A. & Li, H. & Svendsen, S., 2011. "Method for optimal design of pipes for low-energy district heating, with focus on heat losses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 2407-2418.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:36:y:2011:i:5:p:2407-2418
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2011.01.024
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Lund, Henrik, 2007. "Renewable energy strategies for sustainable development," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 32(6), pages 912-919.
    2. Lund, H. & Möller, B. & Mathiesen, B.V. & Dyrelund, A., 2010. "The role of district heating in future renewable energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 35(3), pages 1381-1390.
    3. Lund, H. & Mathiesen, B.V., 2009. "Energy system analysis of 100% renewable energy systems—The case of Denmark in years 2030 and 2050," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 34(5), pages 524-531.
    4. I.B. Kilkis, 2002. "Technical issues in low to medium-temperature district heating," International Journal of Global Energy Issues, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 17(1/2), pages 113-129.
    5. Nilsson, Stefan Forsaeus & Reidhav, Charlotte & Lygnerud, Kristina & Werner, Sven, 2008. "Sparse district-heating in Sweden," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(7), pages 555-564, July.
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