IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jeners/v13y2020i17p4505-d406967.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Method for Assessing Heat Loss in A District Heating Network with A Focus on the State of Insulation and Actual Demand for Useful Energy

Author

Listed:
  • Stanislav Chicherin

    (Omsk State Transport University (OSTU), 35 Marx av., 644046 Omsk, Russia)

  • Vladislav Mašatin

    (Utilitas OÜ, Punane 36, 13619 Tallinn, Estonia)

  • Andres Siirde

    (Department of Energy Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia)

  • Anna Volkova

    (Department of Energy Technology, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 19086 Tallinn, Estonia)

Abstract

The goal of this paper was to evaluate heat loss and the demand of district heating (DH) in the context of the fourth generation DH concept using a data-driven approach. The heat loss profile was calculated with GIS Zulu© (software (8.0.0.7539, Politerm, LLC, St.Petersburg, Russia) using eight various states of insulation, detailed information on thermal conductivity, internal heat transfer coefficient, and geometry of the concrete trench. There is a strong correlation between the heat sold and the average annual outdoor temperatures. The outstanding episodes are extremely rare, and the difference in the overall pattern is elusive. The results of the annual heat production and annual heat loss analyses were compared using three different estimation methods. The new method was the only one that showed a positive effect after the complete modernization of thermal insulation. The actual proportion of heat loss is much higher at 16%, while the actual heat delivery is less than anticipated at 85–86% only. The trend of the normative approach is correct but cannot determine changes in network heat loss due to aging. The method focuses on the effects of the state of insulation and actual supply temperature levels. The transition to smart energy systems includes strategic and progressive energy planning, as well as new pricing rules and tariffs. Thus, the method presented is the first step in the transition towards the fourth generation DH networks.

Suggested Citation

  • Stanislav Chicherin & Vladislav Mašatin & Andres Siirde & Anna Volkova, 2020. "Method for Assessing Heat Loss in A District Heating Network with A Focus on the State of Insulation and Actual Demand for Useful Energy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-15, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:17:p:4505-:d:406967
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/17/4505/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/13/17/4505/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Leśko, Michał & Bujalski, Wojciech & Futyma, Kamil, 2018. "Operational optimization in district heating systems with the use of thermal energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PA), pages 902-915.
    2. Čulig-Tokić, Dario & Krajačić, Goran & Doračić, Borna & Mathiesen, Brian Vad & Krklec, Robert & Larsen, Jesper Møller, 2015. "Comparative analysis of the district heating systems of two towns in Croatia and Denmark," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 92(P3), pages 435-443.
    3. Badami, Marco & Fonti, Antonio & Carpignano, Andrea & Grosso, Daniele, 2018. "Design of district heating networks through an integrated thermo-fluid dynamics and reliability modelling approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 826-838.
    4. Schweiger, Gerald & Larsson, Per-Ola & Magnusson, Fredrik & Lauenburg, Patrick & Velut, Stéphane, 2017. "District heating and cooling systems – Framework for Modelica-based simulation and dynamic optimization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 566-578.
    5. Volkova, Anna & Krupenski, Igor & Ledvanov, Aleksandr & Hlebnikov, Aleksandr & Lepiksaar, Kertu & Latõšov, Eduard & Mašatin, Vladislav, 2020. "Energy cascade connection of a low-temperature district heating network to the return line of a high-temperature district heating network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    6. Dorota Anna Krawczyk & Tomasz Janusz Teleszewski, 2019. "Reduction of Heat Losses in a Pre-Insulated Network Located in Central Poland by Lowering the Operating Temperature of the Water and the Use of Egg-shaped Thermal Insulation: A Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(11), pages 1-12, June.
    7. Cai, Hanmin & You, Shi & Wang, Jiawei & Bindner, Henrik W. & Klyapovskiy, Sergey, 2018. "Technical assessment of electric heat boosters in low-temperature district heating based on combined heat and power analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 938-949.
    8. Noussan, Michel & Jarre, Matteo & Poggio, Alberto, 2017. "Real operation data analysis on district heating load patterns," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 129(C), pages 70-78.
    9. Arabkoohsar, Ahmad & Alsagri, Ali Sulaiman, 2020. "A new generation of district heating system with neighborhood-scale heat pumps and advanced pipes, a solution for future renewable-based energy systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    10. Lund, Henrik & Werner, Sven & Wiltshire, Robin & Svendsen, Svend & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Hvelplund, Frede & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2014. "4th Generation District Heating (4GDH)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 1-11.
    11. Østergaard, Dorte Skaarup & Svendsen, Svend, 2019. "Costs and benefits of preparing existing Danish buildings for low-temperature district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 176(C), pages 718-727.
    12. Lund, Henrik & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Chang, Miguel & Werner, Sven & Svendsen, Svend & Sorknæs, Peter & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Hvelplund, Frede & Mortensen, Bent Ole Gram & Mathiesen, Brian Vad & Boje, 2018. "The status of 4th generation district heating: Research and results," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 147-159.
    13. Brange, Lisa & Englund, Jessica & Lauenburg, Patrick, 2016. "Prosumers in district heating networks – A Swedish case study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C), pages 492-500.
    14. Andrić, I. & Fournier, J. & Lacarrière, B. & Le Corre, O. & Ferrão, P., 2018. "The impact of global warming and building renovation measures on district heating system techno-economic parameters," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 926-937.
    15. Buffa, Simone & Cozzini, Marco & D’Antoni, Matteo & Baratieri, Marco & Fedrizzi, Roberto, 2019. "5th generation district heating and cooling systems: A review of existing cases in Europe," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 504-522.
    16. Tomasz Janusz Teleszewski & Dorota Anna Krawczyk & Antonio Rodero, 2019. "Reduction of Heat Losses Using Quadruple Heating Pre-Insulated Networks: A Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(24), pages 1-12, December.
    17. Gadd, Henrik & Werner, Sven, 2014. "Achieving low return temperatures from district heating substations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 136(C), pages 59-67.
    18. Dalla Rosa, A. & Li, H. & Svendsen, S., 2011. "Method for optimal design of pipes for low-energy district heating, with focus on heat losses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 2407-2418.
    19. Werner, Sven, 2017. "International review of district heating and cooling," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 617-631.
    20. Shan, Xiaofang & Wang, Peng & Lu, Weizhen, 2017. "The reliability and availability evaluation of repairable district heating networks under changeable external conditions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 686-695.
    21. Volkova, Anna & Mašatin, Vladislav & Siirde, Andres, 2018. "Methodology for evaluating the transition process dynamics towards 4th generation district heating networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 253-261.
    22. Meesenburg, Wiebke & Ommen, Torben & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Elmegaard, Brian, 2020. "Economic feasibility of ultra-low temperature district heating systems in newly built areas supplied by renewable energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 191(C).
    23. Lund, Henrik & Duic, Neven & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2018. "Future district heating systems and technologies: On the role of smart energy systems and 4th generation district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PA), pages 614-619.
    24. Wirtz, Marco & Kivilip, Lukas & Remmen, Peter & Müller, Dirk, 2020. "5th Generation District Heating: A novel design approach based on mathematical optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    25. Vivian, Jacopo & Emmi, Giuseppe & Zarrella, Angelo & Jobard, Xavier & Pietruschka, Dirk & De Carli, Michele, 2018. "Evaluating the cost of heat for end users in ultra low temperature district heating networks with booster heat pumps," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 788-800.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Jakubek, Dariusz & Ocłoń, Paweł & Nowak-Ocłoń, Marzena & Sułowicz, Maciej & Varbanov, Petar Sabev & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír, 2023. "Mathematical modelling and model validation of the heat losses in district heating networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    2. Bożena Babiarz & Władysław Szymański, 2020. "Introduction to the Dynamics of Heat Transfer in Buildings," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-28, December.
    3. Peter Lidén & Bijan Adl-Zarrabi & Carl-Eric Hagentoft, 2021. "Diagnostic Protocol for Thermal Performance of District Heating Pipes in Operation. Part 2: Estimation of Present Thermal Conductivity in Aged Pipe Insulation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-15, August.
    4. Wirtz, Marco, 2023. "nPro: A web-based planning tool for designing district energy systems and thermal networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    5. Henrik Schwaeppe & Luis Böttcher & Klemens Schumann & Lukas Hein & Philipp Hälsig & Simon Thams & Paula Baquero Lozano & Albert Moser, 2022. "Analyzing Intersectoral Benefits of District Heating in an Integrated Generation and Transmission Expansion Planning Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-31, March.
    6. Fester, Jakob & Østergaard, Peter Friis & Bentsen, Fredrik & Nielsen, Brian Kongsgaard, 2023. "A data-driven method for heat loss estimation from district heating service pipes using heat meter- and GIS data," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    7. Chicherin, Stanislav & Anvari-Moghaddam, Amjad, 2021. "Adjusting heat demands using the operational data of district heating systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    8. Chicherin, Stanislav & Starikov, Aleksander & Zhuikov, Andrey, 2022. "Justifying network reconstruction when switching to low temperature district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    9. Manservigi, Lucrezia & Bahlawan, Hilal & Losi, Enzo & Morini, Mirko & Spina, Pier Ruggero & Venturini, Mauro, 2022. "A diagnostic approach for fault detection and identification in district heating networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    10. Matjaž Perpar & Zlatko Rek, 2021. "The Ability of a Soil Temperature Gradient-Based Methodology to Detect Leaks from Pipelines in Buried District Heating Channels," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-13, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Chicherin, Stanislav, 2020. "Methodology for analyzing operation data for optimum district heating (DH) system design: Ten-year data of Omsk, Russia," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 211(C).
    2. Chicherin, Stanislav & Anvari-Moghaddam, Amjad, 2021. "Adjusting heat demands using the operational data of district heating systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 235(C).
    3. Chicherin, Stanislav & Zhuikov, Andrey & Junussova, Lyazzat, 2022. "The new method for hydraulic calculations of a district heating (DH) network," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    4. Mengting Jiang & Camilo Rindt & David M. J. Smeulders, 2022. "Optimal Planning of Future District Heating Systems—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-38, September.
    5. Chicherin, Stanislav & Starikov, Aleksander & Zhuikov, Andrey, 2022. "Justifying network reconstruction when switching to low temperature district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    6. Jakubek, Dariusz & Ocłoń, Paweł & Nowak-Ocłoń, Marzena & Sułowicz, Maciej & Varbanov, Petar Sabev & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír, 2023. "Mathematical modelling and model validation of the heat losses in district heating networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 267(C).
    7. Lund, Henrik & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Nielsen, Tore Bach & Werner, Sven & Thorsen, Jan Eric & Gudmundsson, Oddgeir & Arabkoohsar, Ahmad & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2021. "Perspectives on fourth and fifth generation district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    8. Golmohamadi, Hessam & Larsen, Kim Guldstrand & Jensen, Peter Gjøl & Hasrat, Imran Riaz, 2022. "Integration of flexibility potentials of district heating systems into electricity markets: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    9. Østergaard, Dorte Skaarup & Smith, Kevin Michael & Tunzi, Michele & Svendsen, Svend, 2022. "Low-temperature operation of heating systems to enable 4th generation district heating: A review," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 248(C).
    10. Lund, Henrik & Duic, Neven & Østergaard, Poul Alberg & Mathiesen, Brian Vad, 2018. "Future district heating systems and technologies: On the role of smart energy systems and 4th generation district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(PA), pages 614-619.
    11. Wang, Yang & Zhang, Shanhong & Chow, David & Kuckelkorn, Jens M., 2021. "Evaluation and optimization of district energy network performance: Present and future," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    12. Wirtz, Marco, 2023. "nPro: A web-based planning tool for designing district energy systems and thermal networks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 268(C).
    13. Michael-Allan Millar & Bruce Elrick & Greg Jones & Zhibin Yu & Neil M. Burnside, 2020. "Roadblocks to Low Temperature District Heating," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-21, November.
    14. Averfalk, Helge & Werner, Sven, 2020. "Economic benefits of fourth generation district heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    15. Antoine Reguis & Behrang Vand & John Currie, 2021. "Challenges for the Transition to Low-Temperature Heat in the UK: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-26, November.
    16. Jing, Mengke & Zhang, Shujie & Fu, Lisong & Cao, Guoquan & Wang, Rui, 2023. "Reducing heat losses from aging district heating pipes by using cured-in-place pipe liners," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    17. Pietro Catrini & Tancredi Testasecca & Alessandro Buscemi & Antonio Piacentino, 2022. "Exergoeconomics as a Cost-Accounting Method in Thermal Grids with the Presence of Renewable Energy Producers," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(7), pages 1-27, March.
    18. Danica Djurić Ilić, 2020. "Classification of Measures for Dealing with District Heating Load Variations—A Systematic Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-27, December.
    19. Wheatcroft, Edward & Wynn, Henry P. & Lygnerud, Kristina & Bonvicini, Giorgio & Bonvicini, Giorgio & Lenote, Daniela, 2020. "The role of low temperature waste heat recovery in achieving 2050 goals: a policy positioning paper," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 104136, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    20. Guelpa, E. & Capone, M. & Sciacovelli, A. & Vasset, N. & Baviere, R. & Verda, V., 2023. "Reduction of supply temperature in existing district heating: A review of strategies and implementations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 262(PB).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:13:y:2020:i:17:p:4505-:d:406967. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.