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Electric Vehicle Charging Strategy for Isolated Systems with High Penetration of Renewable Generation

Author

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  • Jean-Michel Clairand

    (Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de las Américas-Ecuador, Quito 170122, Ecuador)

  • Javier Rodríguez-García

    (Institute for Energy Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain)

  • Carlos Álvarez-Bel

    (Institute for Energy Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain)

Abstract

Inhabited islands depend primarily on fossil fuels for electricity generation and they also present frequently a vehicle fleet, which result in a significant environmental problem. To address this, several governments are investing in the integration of Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) and Electric Vehicles (EVs), but the combined integration of them creates challenges to the operation of these isolated grid systems. Thus, the aim of this paper is to propose an Electric Vehicle charging strategy considering high penetration of RES. The methodology proposes taxing CO 2 emissions based on high pricing when the electricity is mostly generated by fossil fuels, and low pricing when there is a RES power excess. The Smart charging methodology for EV optimizes the total costs. Nine scenarios with different installed capacity of solar and wind power generation are evaluated and compared to cases of uncoordinated charging. The methodology was simulated in the Galapagos Islands, which is an archipelago of Ecuador, and recognized by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as both a World Heritage site and a biosphere reserve. Simulations results demonstrate that the EV aggregator could reduce costs: 7.9% for a case of 5 MW installed capacity (wind and PV each), and 7% for a case of 10 MW installed (wind and PV each). Moreover, the use of excess of RES power for EV charging will considerably reduce CO 2 emissions.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Michel Clairand & Javier Rodríguez-García & Carlos Álvarez-Bel, 2018. "Electric Vehicle Charging Strategy for Isolated Systems with High Penetration of Renewable Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(11), pages 1-21, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jeners:v:11:y:2018:i:11:p:3188-:d:183484
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Md. Mosaraf Hossain Khan & Amran Hossain & Aasim Ullah & Molla Shahadat Hossain Lipu & S. M. Shahnewaz Siddiquee & M. Shafiul Alam & Taskin Jamal & Hafiz Ahmed, 2021. "Integration of Large-Scale Electric Vehicles into Utility Grid: An Efficient Approach for Impact Analysis and Power Quality Assessment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-18, October.
    3. Mostafa Shibl & Loay Ismail & Ahmed Massoud, 2021. "Electric Vehicles Charging Management Using Machine Learning Considering Fast Charging and Vehicle-to-Grid Operation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-22, September.
    4. Steffen Limmer, 2019. "Dynamic Pricing for Electric Vehicle Charging—A Literature Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-24, September.
    5. Jean-Michel Clairand & Paulo Guerra-Terán & Xavier Serrano-Guerrero & Mario González-Rodríguez & Guillermo Escrivá-Escrivá, 2019. "Electric Vehicles for Public Transportation in Power Systems: A Review of Methodologies," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(16), pages 1-22, August.
    6. Carlo Corinaldesi & Georg Lettner & Daniel Schwabeneder & Amela Ajanovic & Hans Auer, 2020. "Impact of Different Charging Strategies for Electric Vehicles in an Austrian Office Site," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(22), pages 1-17, November.
    7. Marco Toledo-Orozco & Luis Martinez & Hernán Quito & Flavio Quizhpi & Carlos Álvarez-Bel & Diego Morales, 2022. "Methodology to Determine the Management of Demand in Recharging Electric Vehicles in Vertically Integrated Markets Includes Photovoltaic Solar Generation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-23, December.
    8. Jean-Michel Clairand & Carlos Álvarez-Bel & Javier Rodríguez-García & Guillermo Escrivá-Escrivá, 2020. "Impact of Electric Vehicle Charging Strategy on the Long-Term Planning of an Isolated Microgrid," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-18, July.
    9. Elizaveta Gavrikova & Yegor Burda & Vladimir Gavrikov & Ruslan Sharafutdinov & Irina Volkova & Marina Rubleva & Daria Polosukhina, 2019. "Clean Energy Sources: Insights from Russia," Resources, MDPI, vol. 8(2), pages 1-25, May.
    10. Eimantas Neniškis & Arvydas Galinis & Egidijus Norvaiša, 2021. "Improving Transport Modeling in MESSAGE Energy Planning Model: Vehicle Age Distributions," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-16, November.
    11. Bastida-Molina, Paula & Ribó-Pérez, David & Gómez-Navarro, Tomás & Hurtado-Pérez, Elías, 2022. "What is the problem? The obstacles to the electrification of urban mobility in Mediterranean cities. Case study of Valencia, Spain," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    12. Raveendran, Visal & Alvarez-Bel, Carlos & Nair, Manjula G., 2020. "Assessing the ancillary service potential of electric vehicles to support renewable energy integration in touristic islands: A case study from Balearic island of Menorca," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 495-509.
    13. Wenz, Klaus-Peter & Serrano-Guerrero, Xavier & Barragán-Escandón, Antonio & González, L.G. & Clairand, Jean-Michel, 2021. "Route prioritization of urban public transportation from conventional to electric buses: A new methodology and a study of case in an intermediate city of Ecuador," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).

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