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At scale adoption of battery storage technology in Indian power industry: Enablers, frameworks and policies

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  • Jindal, Abhinav
  • Shrimali, Gireesh

Abstract

India's envisages uptake of 450 Giga Watt (GW) of renewable energy capacity by 2030. The resulting system flexibility needs can be met by 50 GW of 4-hour energy storage. However, system flexibility has historically been met by coal power plants, and India also plans to install 50 GW of new coal power capacity during 2022–27. Our paper answers three related questions that would maximize deployment of battery storage with appropriate policy design. First, what is the cost-competitiveness of renewable energy and battery storage compared to new coal-based power? Second, what should be the high-level policy framework for ensuring necessary deployment of battery storage? Third, what should be the appropriate procurement mechanisms for battery storage along with renewable energy? To answer these questions, we first compare forecasted levelized cost of energy for renewable energy and battery storage with coal power, and then use two frameworks to investigate policies. Our findings are as follows. First, renewable energy and battery storage is cost-competitive over new coal starting 2022. Second, India should adopt a battery portfolio standard (BPS) that is linked to existing renewable portfolio standard (RPS). Third, India should adopt the renewable dispatchable generation (RDG) power purchase agreement (PPA) to ensure that multiple policy criteria are met.

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  • Jindal, Abhinav & Shrimali, Gireesh, 2022. "At scale adoption of battery storage technology in Indian power industry: Enablers, frameworks and policies," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 176(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:tefoso:v:176:y:2022:i:c:s0040162521009021
    DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121467
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    1. Jindal, Abhinav & Shrimali, Gireesh, 2022. "Cost–benefit analysis of coal plant repurposing in developing countries: A case study of India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
    2. Pablo Carrasco Ortega & Pablo Durán Gómez & Julio César Mérida Sánchez & Fernando Echevarría Camarero & Ángel Á. Pardiñas, 2023. "Battery Energy Storage Systems for the New Electricity Market Landscape: Modeling, State Diagnostics, Management, and Viability—A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-51, August.
    3. Qusay Hassan & Bartosz Pawela & Ali Hasan & Marek Jaszczur, 2022. "Optimization of Large-Scale Battery Storage Capacity in Conjunction with Photovoltaic Systems for Maximum Self-Sustainability," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-21, May.
    4. Laxmi Gupta & Ravi Shankar, 2022. "Adoption of Battery Management System in Utility Grid: An Empirical Study Using Structural Equation Modeling," Global Journal of Flexible Systems Management, Springer;Global Institute of Flexible Systems Management, vol. 23(4), pages 573-596, December.

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