Digital platforms and smart city synergies: Unlocking cross-sector innovation and governance in urban transformation

This study examines the transformative impact of digital platforms on fostering cross-sector collaboration and innovation in Chinese smart cities. While existing research often emphasizes the technical capabilities of these platforms, it has largely overlooked their role in addressing governance structures, data-sharing protocols, and user-centric designs essential for effective collaboration. This research addresses this gap by employing a mixed-methods approach comprising surveys (N = 500), interviews (N = 30), and case studies across various Chinese cities to assess the impact of digital platforms on knowledge transfer, resource sharing, and innovation outcomes in urban development projects. Key findings demonstrate that digital platforms significantly enhance cross-sector knowledge transfer (r = 0.72, p < 0.01) and result in superior innovation outcomes (η2 = 0.18, p < 0.001) compared to traditional collaboration methods. However, the study also identifies barriers that hinder effective platform implementation, including technical incompatibilities, regulatory hurdles, and cultural differences across sectors. By integrating existing urban innovation theories and incorporating the unique role of digital platforms in the Chinese context, this research offers empirical evidence and actionable insights for policymakers, urban planners, and platform developers. It highlights how digital platforms can optimize smart city initiatives through enhanced collaboration, paving the way for more inclusive, responsive, and innovative urban environments in China and beyond.