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From lignocellulosic biomass to levulinic acid: A review on acid-catalyzed hydrolysis

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  • Kang, Shimin
  • Fu, Jinxia
  • Zhang, Gang

Abstract

Catalytic conversion of renewable biomass to “green” chemicals and fuel additives has been extensively investigated in the past few decades. Interests on two top platform intermediates for biofuel production, i.e. levulinic acid (LA) and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), have increased significantly. These two chemicals are generally produced from biomass through acid hydrolysis. This review summarizes the discoveries of the most recent studies on acid-catalyzed hydrolysis, including (i) biomass pretreatment, (ii) glucose production from cellulose hydrolysis, (iii) fructose formation from glucose isomerization, (iv) HMF formation from glucose/fructose dehydration and (v) LA production from HMF rehydration. Humins, the main byproducts, are also discussed in the aspect of their influence on the hydrolysis process, structure, formation mechanism, and applications.

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  • Kang, Shimin & Fu, Jinxia & Zhang, Gang, 2018. "From lignocellulosic biomass to levulinic acid: A review on acid-catalyzed hydrolysis," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 340-362.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:94:y:2018:i:c:p:340-362
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.06.016
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    6. Wang, Haiyong & Zhu, Changhui & Li, Dan & Liu, Qiying & Tan, Jin & Wang, Chenguang & Cai, Chiliu & Ma, Longlong, 2019. "Recent advances in catalytic conversion of biomass to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and 2, 5-dimethylfuran," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 227-247.
    7. Halder, Pobitra & Kundu, Sazal & Patel, Savankumar & Setiawan, Adi & Atkin, Rob & Parthasarthy, Rajarathinam & Paz-Ferreiro, Jorge & Surapaneni, Aravind & Shah, Kalpit, 2019. "Progress on the pre-treatment of lignocellulosic biomass employing ionic liquids," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 268-292.
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    9. Zhao, Yuan & Lu, Kaifeng & Xu, Hao & Zhu, Lingjun & Wang, Shurong, 2021. "A critical review of recent advances in the production of furfural and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from lignocellulosic biomass through homogeneous catalytic hydrothermal conversion," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    10. Daniel Carreira Batalha & Márcio José da Silva, 2021. "Biodiesel Production over Niobium-Containing Catalysts: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-33, September.
    11. Bukhtiyarova, M.V. & Bukhtiyarova, G.A., 2021. "Reductive amination of levulinic acid or its derivatives to pyrrolidones over heterogeneous catalysts in the batch and continuous flow reactors: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 143(C).
    12. Li Xu & Meifang Cao & Jiefeng Zhou & Yuxia Pang & Zhixian Li & Dongjie Yang & Shao-Yuan Leu & Hongming Lou & Xuejun Pan & Xueqing Qiu, 2024. "Aqueous amine enables sustainable monosaccharide, monophenol, and pyridine base coproduction in lignocellulosic biorefineries," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.
    13. Zhang, Heng & Li, Hu & Hu, Yulin & Venkateswara Rao, Kasanneni Tirumala & Xu, Chunbao (Charles) & Yang, Song, 2019. "Advances in production of bio-based ester fuels with heterogeneous bifunctional catalysts," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 114(C), pages 1-1.
    14. Sahu, Omprakash, 2021. "Appropriateness of rose (Rosa hybrida) for bioethanol conversion with enzymatic hydrolysis: Sustainable development on green fuel production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    15. Laura Sisti & Annamaria Celli & Grazia Totaro & Patrizia Cinelli & Francesca Signori & Andrea Lazzeri & Maria Bikaki & Philippe Corvini & Maura Ferri & Annalisa Tassoni & Luciano Navarini, 2021. "Monomers, Materials and Energy from Coffee By-Products: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-19, June.

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