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Optimization of a dual-evaporator CO2 heat pump system with ejector for hybrid electric vehicles

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  • Ju, Pengtao
  • Liu, Fang

Abstract

Electric vehicles have gained significant traction in recent years, driven by concerns over environmental sustainability, constraints on driving range, and battery safety; consequently, the associated heat pump systems are garnering increasing attention. In order to reduce the electric energy consumption of vehicle heat pumps, a dual-evaporator CO2 heat pump system with ejector for vehicle is proposed, and different operating conditions are studied. The natural refrigerant CO2 is used in this paper. Given the problem of the CO2 heat pump system for lower efficiency and high pressure, the double evaporator heat pump system is used to realize the cascade utilization of energy; the ejector is used to recover the expansion power to improve the system efficiency.The vehicle heat pump is simulated and analyzed, by controlling the target temperatures of the vehicle cabin and the power battery, the influence of different parameters on the system's cooling capacity and cooling coefficient of performance (COP) is analyzed. Furthermore, through the optimization of the heat pump system in this paper, the cooling capacity of the low-temperature evaporator of the optimized system has increased from 4.5 kW to 4.8 kW, an increase of 6.67 %; the cooling capacity of the high-temperature evaporator has increased from 10.1 kW to 11.5 kW, an increase of 13.8 %. The system's cooling COP has increased from 6.42 to 7.66, an increase of 36 %.

Suggested Citation

  • Ju, Pengtao & Liu, Fang, 2026. "Optimization of a dual-evaporator CO2 heat pump system with ejector for hybrid electric vehicles," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(PG).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:renene:v:256:y:2026:i:pg:s0960148125021068
    DOI: 10.1016/j.renene.2025.124442
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    References listed on IDEAS

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