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Cold-start performance investigation of fuel cell electric vehicles with heat pump-assisted thermal management systems

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  • Kim, Soohwan
  • Jeong, Hoyoung
  • Lee, Hoseong

Abstract

In this study, the cold-start performance of fuel cell (FC) electric vehicles was investigated via integration of a heat pump system with a thermal management system (TMS). A model for the proposed heat pump-assisted TMS and FC stack was developed using experimental data. On the basis of the validated model, the potential of the heat pump-assisted TMS was comprehensively evaluated from the standpoint of three critical factors: air velocity, compressor speed, and coolant volume flow rate (VFR). Consequently, it was observed that the cold-start performance can be maximized in the case of a large coolant VFR, high compressor speed, and air velocity above 0.96 m s−1. Among the three variables, the most dominant was the coolant VFR, followed by the air velocity. When the compressor speed, air velocity, and coolant VFR were optimized, the cold-start time and total energy consumption of the heat pump-assisted TMS could be reduced by 29.9 and 11.3%, respectively, when compared to those of the baseline TMS during the cold-start period. In addition, an increase in the ambient temperature improved cold-start performance with the heat pump-assisted TMS.

Suggested Citation

  • Kim, Soohwan & Jeong, Hoyoung & Lee, Hoseong, 2021. "Cold-start performance investigation of fuel cell electric vehicles with heat pump-assisted thermal management systems," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:232:y:2021:i:c:s0360544221012494
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2021.121001
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Zhang, Nan & Lu, Yiji & Ouderji, Zahra Hajabdollahi & Yu, Zhibin, 2023. "Review of heat pump integrated energy systems for future zero-emission vehicles," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 273(C).
    2. Gießgen, Tom & Jahnke, Thomas, 2023. "Assisted cold start of a PEMFC with a thermochemical preheater: A numerical study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 331(C).
    3. Zang, Linfeng & Hao, Liang & Zhu, Xiaojing, 2023. "Effect of the pore structure of cathode catalyst layer on the PEM fuel cell cold start process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 271(C).
    4. Barouch Giechaskiel & Dimitrios Komnos & Georgios Fontaras, 2021. "Impacts of Extreme Ambient Temperatures and Road Gradient on Energy Consumption and CO 2 Emissions of a Euro 6d-Temp Gasoline Vehicle," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(19), pages 1-20, September.
    5. Zhaowen Liang & Kai Liu & Jinjin Huang & Enfei Zhou & Chao Wang & Hui Wang & Qiong Huang & Zhenpo Wang, 2022. "Powertrain Design and Energy Management Strategy Optimization for a Fuel Cell Electric Intercity Coach in an Extremely Cold Mountain Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(18), pages 1-16, September.

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