IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/juipol/v96y2025ics0957178725001298.html

Modeling the impact of electric vehicle charging on Lisbon's electricity distribution network

Author

Listed:
  • Cardinha, Miguel Mouquinho
  • Lopes, Rui Amaral
  • Amaro, Nuno

Abstract

This work proposes a methodology to assess the impact of electric vehicle (EV) charging on Lisbon's electricity distribution network, utilizing real load diagrams by postal code and a genetic algorithm to model the baseline and added EV load at substations. The method enables geographic mapping of EV charging to specific substations. Results show that increased EV charging significantly increases power flow, line overloads, and system losses. A fivefold increase caused some lines to exceed 100 % capacity, while a thirtyfold increase led to peak loads at 223 % and losses rising by up to 274 %. Bus voltage levels remained stable across scenarios.

Suggested Citation

  • Cardinha, Miguel Mouquinho & Lopes, Rui Amaral & Amaro, Nuno, 2025. "Modeling the impact of electric vehicle charging on Lisbon's electricity distribution network," Utilities Policy, Elsevier, vol. 96(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:juipol:v:96:y:2025:i:c:s0957178725001298
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jup.2025.102014
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0957178725001298
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.jup.2025.102014?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Williams, B. & Bishop, D. & Hooper, G. & Chase, J.G., 2024. "Driving change: Electric vehicle charging behavior and peak loading," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 189(PA).
    2. Xiaojian Hu & Nuo Chen & Nan Wu & Bicheng Yin, 2021. "The Potential Impacts of Electric Vehicles on Urban Air Quality in Shanghai City," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-12, January.
    3. Daneshzand, Farzaneh & Coker, Phil J & Potter, Ben & Smith, Stefan T, 2023. "EV smart charging: How tariff selection influences grid stress and carbon reduction," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 348(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Baxter L. M. Williams & R. J. Hooper & Daniel Gnoth & J. G. Chase, 2025. "Residential Electricity Demand Modelling: Validation of a Behavioural Agent-Based Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(6), pages 1-22, March.
    2. Quintero Fuentes, Abel & Hickman, Mark & Whitehead, Jake, 2025. "Zone substations' readiness to embrace electric vehicle adoption: Brisbane case study," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 322(C).
    3. Williams, B. & Bishop, D., 2024. "Flexible futures: The potential for electrical energy demand response in New Zealand," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C).
    4. Cristian Giovanni Colombo & Carola Leone & Seyed Mahdi Miraftabzadeh & Nicoletta Matera & Michela Longo, 2025. "Location of Charging Stations Considering Services and Power Losses: Case Study," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(18), pages 1-25, September.
    5. Hussain, Shahid & Irshad, Reyazur Rashid & Pallonetto, Fabiano & Hussain, Ihtisham & Hussain, Zakir & Tahir, Muhammad & Abimannan, Satheesh & Shukla, Saurabh & Yousif, Adil & Kim, Yun-Su & El-Sayed, H, 2023. "Hybrid coordination scheme based on fuzzy inference mechanism for residential charging of electric vehicles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 352(C).
    6. Powell, Siobhan & Martin, Sonia & Rajagopal, Ram & Azevedo, Inês M.L. & de Chalendar, Jacques, 2024. "Future-proof rates for controlled electric vehicle charging: Comparing multi-year impacts of different emission factor signals," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 190(C).
    7. Kumar, Gokula Manikandan Senthil & Guo, Xinman & Zhou, Shijie & Luo, Haojie & Wu, Qi & Liu, Yulin & Dou, Zhenyu & Pan, Kai & Xu, Yang & Yang, Hongxing & Cao, Sunliang, 2025. "State-of-the-art review of smart energy management systems for supporting zero-emission electric vehicles with X2V and V2X interactions," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    8. Sonia Martin & Siobhan Powell & Ram Rajagopal, 2025. "Cascading marginal emissions signals for green charging with growing electric vehicle adoption," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-13, December.
    9. Seyedehmehrmanzar Sohrab & Nándor Csikós & Péter Szilassi, 2022. "Connection between the Spatial Characteristics of the Road and Railway Networks and the Air Pollution (PM10) in Urban–Rural Fringe Zones," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-20, August.
    10. Leonardo Nogueira Fontoura da Silva & Marcelo Bruno Capeletti & Alzenira da Rosa Abaide & Luciano Lopes Pfitscher, 2024. "A Stochastic Methodology for EV Fast-Charging Load Curve Estimation Considering the Highway Traffic and User Behavior," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(7), pages 1-27, April.
    11. Helferich, Marvin & Tröger, Josephine & Stephan, Annegret & Preuß, Sabine & Pelka, Sabine & Stute, Judith & Plötz, Patrick, 2024. "Tariff option preferences for smart and bidirectional charging: Evidence from battery electric vehicle users in Germany," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    12. Jeong-Un Yu & Kyu-Sang Cho & Sung-Won Park & Sung-Yong Son, 2024. "Digital Twin System Framework and Implementation for Grid-Integrated Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-17, December.
    13. Gang Zhao & Xiaolin Wang & Michael Negnevitsky & Hengyun Zhang & Chengjiang Li, 2022. "Performance Improvement of a Novel Trapezoid Air-Cooling Battery Thermal Management System for Electric Vehicles," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-21, April.
    14. Grmay Yordanos Brhane & Eunsung Oh & Sung-Yong Son, 2024. "Virtual Energy Storage System Scheduling for Commercial Buildings with Fixed and Dynamic Energy Storage," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(13), pages 1-19, July.
    15. Steinbach, Sarah A. & Blaschke, Maximilian J., 2024. "Enabling electric mobility: Can photovoltaic and home battery systems significantly reduce grid reinforcement costs?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 375(C).
    16. Xiao, Zhiyang & He, Yindong & Liao, Wei & Xu, Peng & Li, Ji & Liu, Xiaohua & Peng, Jinqing, 2025. "A systematized framework to optimize grid-interactive charging process of electric vehicles integrated with buildings and distributed renewable sources," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 335(C).
    17. Tian, Jiarui & Liu, Hui & Gan, Wei & Zhou, Yue & Wang, Ni & Ma, Siyu, 2025. "Short-term electric vehicle charging load forecasting based on TCN-LSTM network with comprehensive similar day identification," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 381(C).
    18. Shih, Hsiu-Ching & Chiang, Chia-Yun & Lai, Hsin-Chih & Hsiao, Min-Chuan & Chen, Li-Heng & Ma, Hwong-wen, 2023. "Assessing the nexus of electric vehicle and energy policies on health risks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    19. Yu Liu & Wenwen Jiang & Xiaoqiang Zhang & Tsehaye Adamu Andualem & Ping Wang & Ying Liu, 2025. "Model Development for the Real-World Emission Factor Measurement of On-Road Vehicles Under Heterogeneous Traffic Conditions: An Empirical Analysis in Shanghai," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(17), pages 1-20, September.
    20. Shariatzadeh, Mahla & Lopes, Marta A.R. & Henggeler Antunes, Carlos, 2025. "Electric vehicle users' charging behavior: A review of influential factors, methods and modeling approaches," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 396(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:juipol:v:96:y:2025:i:c:s0957178725001298. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.sciencedirect.com/journal/utilities-policy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.