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A central bank digital currency in a heterogeneous monetary union: Managing the effects on the bank lending channel

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  • Fegatelli, Paolo

Abstract

A major obstacle for the implementation of a general-purpose central bank digital currency (CBDC) is the risk of bank disintermediation, potentially jeopardizing financial stability and the bank lending channel of monetary transmission. By adapting the theoretical framework of Dutkowsky and VanHoose (2018b, 2020) to the euro area, this study investigates and clarifies the conditions under which a digital euro could be introduced on a large scale without leading to bank disintermediation or a credit crunch. First, the central bank would require proper mechanisms to manage the volume and the user cost of CBDC in circulation. Second, the central bank should continue to facilitate access to its long-term lending facilities, to provide banks with a funding source alternative to client deposits at an equivalent cost. Depending on its design, a digital euro could improve bank profitability and competitiveness by absorbing large amounts of idle (and expensive) excess reserves without penalizing lending, while incentivizing bank digitalization.

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  • Fegatelli, Paolo, 2022. "A central bank digital currency in a heterogeneous monetary union: Managing the effects on the bank lending channel," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jmacro:v:71:y:2022:i:c:s0164070421000902
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jmacro.2021.103392
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    Cited by:

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    2. Rehman, Mubeen Abdur & Irfan, Muhammad & Naeem, Muhammad Abubakr & Lucey, Brian M. & Karim, Sitara, 2023. "Macro-financial implications of central bank digital currencies," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    3. Enzo Dia & David VanHoose, 2022. "Unconventional-Policy Spillovers of U.S. Interest on Reserves within Global Dollar-Denominated Retail Loan and Deposit Markets," CRANEC - Working Papers del Centro di Ricerche in Analisi economica e sviluppo economico internazionale crn2203, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Centro di Ricerche in Analisi economica e sviluppo economico internazionale (CRANEC).
    4. Xin, Baogui & Jiang, Kai, 2023. "Central bank digital currency and the effectiveness of negative interest rate policy: A DSGE analysis," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    5. Fuchs Max & Michaelis Jochen, 2023. "Is a Secondary Currency Essential? – On the Welfare Effects of a New Currency," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 243(2), pages 153-167, April.
    6. Helmi, Mohamad Husam & Çatık, Abdurrahman Nazif & Akdeniz, Coşkun, 2023. "The impact of central bank digital currency news on the stock and cryptocurrency markets: Evidence from the TVP-VAR model," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 65(C).
    7. Max Fuchs & Jochen Michaelis, 2022. "Is a Secondary Currency Essential? – On the Welfare Effects of a New Currency," MAGKS Papers on Economics 202205, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Faculty of Business Administration and Economics, Department of Economics (Volkswirtschaftliche Abteilung).
    8. Bhaskar, Ratikant & Hunjra, Ahmed Imran & Bansal, Shashank & Pandey, Dharen Kumar, 2022. "Central Bank Digital Currencies: Agendas for future research," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Central bank digital currency; Digital euro; Cash; Monetary policy; Excess reserves; Bank lending;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E41 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Demand for Money
    • E42 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Monetary Sytsems; Standards; Regimes; Government and the Monetary System
    • E51 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Money Supply; Credit; Money Multipliers
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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