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Do conflicts in cooperation matter to open innovation? An empirical study of industrial clusters in China

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  • Xu, Rui
  • Felzensztein, Christian

Abstract

Open innovation relies on inter-firm cooperation, yet conflict—both constructive and destructive—is an inevitable aspect of collaborative dynamics. While the role of cooperation in fostering open innovation is well-established, the influence of conflict remains underexamined. Grounded in theoretical insights, this study investigates the distinct effects of constructive and destructive conflict on the innovation process within cooperative efforts. Analyzing data from 186 firms in industrial clusters in China, our findings reveal that constructive conflict, despite promoting diverse perspectives, can inadvertently weaken the positive effects of cooperation on open innovation by diverting managerial resources and attention. Conversely, destructive conflict—typically perceived as harmful—unexpectedly amplifies the impact of cooperation on innovation by compelling firms to reassess and reinforce their partnerships. These empirical insights underscore the complex and paradoxical role of conflict in open innovation, demonstrating that both constructive and destructive conflict can shape innovation success through their interaction with cooperation.

Suggested Citation

  • Xu, Rui & Felzensztein, Christian, 2025. "Do conflicts in cooperation matter to open innovation? An empirical study of industrial clusters in China," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jbrese:v:196:y:2025:i:c:s0148296325002504
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2025.115427
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