IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/finlet/v57y2023ics1544612323005949.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Coherent measure of portfolio risk

Author

Listed:
  • Ardakani, Omid M.

Abstract

This study introduces a multivariate entropic Value at Risk (mEVaR) risk measure, broadening the conventional Value at Risk scope to a multi-asset scenario. The mEVaR is coherent and encapsulates the integrated risk of various assets in a portfolio. In addition, a new theoretical result incorporates mutual information into the mEVaR to capture tail dependence during extreme market events. The findings suggest that greater mutual dependence among assets increases risk as the benefit of diversification decreases. Examples, simulations, and empirical studies illustrate the applicability of these risk measures as tools for managing and optimizing investment portfolios.

Suggested Citation

  • Ardakani, Omid M., 2023. "Coherent measure of portfolio risk," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 57(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:57:y:2023:i:c:s1544612323005949
    DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2023.104222
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1544612323005949
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.frl.2023.104222?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bryan Kelly & Hao Jiang, 2014. "Editor's Choice Tail Risk and Asset Prices," Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 27(10), pages 2841-2871.
    2. Omid M. Ardakani, 2022. "Option pricing with maximum entropy densities: The inclusion of higher‐order moments," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(10), pages 1821-1836, October.
    3. Danielsson, Jon & Zigrand, Jean-Pierre, 2006. "On time-scaling of risk and the square-root-of-time rule," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 30(10), pages 2701-2713, October.
    4. Burzoni, Matteo & Munari, Cosimo & Wang, Ruodu, 2022. "Adjusted Expected Shortfall," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    5. Pflug, Georg Ch. & Pichler, Alois & Wozabal, David, 2012. "The 1/N investment strategy is optimal under high model ambiguity," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 36(2), pages 410-417.
    6. Zou, Zhenfeng & Wu, Qinyu & Xia, Zichao & Hu, Taizhong, 2023. "Adjusted Rényi entropic Value-at-Risk," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 306(1), pages 255-268.
    7. Maasoumi, Esfandiar & Racine, Jeff, 2002. "Entropy and predictability of stock market returns," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 107(1-2), pages 291-312, March.
    8. Acerbi, Carlo, 2002. "Spectral measures of risk: A coherent representation of subjective risk aversion," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 26(7), pages 1505-1518, July.
    9. Alexander J. McNeil & Rüdiger Frey & Paul Embrechts, 2015. "Quantitative Risk Management: Concepts, Techniques and Tools Revised edition," Economics Books, Princeton University Press, edition 2, number 10496.
    10. R. Cont, 2001. "Empirical properties of asset returns: stylized facts and statistical issues," Quantitative Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 1(2), pages 223-236.
    11. Philippe Artzner & Freddy Delbaen & Jean‐Marc Eber & David Heath, 1999. "Coherent Measures of Risk," Mathematical Finance, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 9(3), pages 203-228, July.
    12. Carlo Acerbi & Dirk Tasche, 2002. "Expected Shortfall: A Natural Coherent Alternative to Value at Risk," Economic Notes, Banca Monte dei Paschi di Siena SpA, vol. 31(2), pages 379-388, July.
    13. A. Ahmadi-Javid, 2012. "Entropic Value-at-Risk: A New Coherent Risk Measure," Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Springer, vol. 155(3), pages 1105-1123, December.
    14. Omid M. Ardakani & Nader Ebrahimi & Ehsan S. Soofi, 2018. "Ranking Forecasts by Stochastic Error Distance, Information and Reliability Measures," International Statistical Review, International Statistical Institute, vol. 86(3), pages 442-468, December.
    15. Hans Föllmer & Alexander Schied, 2002. "Convex measures of risk and trading constraints," Finance and Stochastics, Springer, vol. 6(4), pages 429-447.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Ardakani, Omid M., 2023. "Capturing information in extreme events," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Marcelo Brutti Righi & Paulo Sergio Ceretta, 2015. "Shortfall Deviation Risk: An alternative to risk measurement," Papers 1501.02007, arXiv.org, revised May 2016.
    2. Massimiliano Amarante, 2016. "A representation of risk measures," Decisions in Economics and Finance, Springer;Associazione per la Matematica, vol. 39(1), pages 95-103, April.
    3. Ola Mahmoud, 2015. "The Temporal Dimension of Risk," Papers 1501.01573, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2016.
    4. Mohammed Berkhouch & Fernanda Maria Müller & Ghizlane Lakhnati & Marcelo Brutti Righi, 2022. "Deviation-Based Model Risk Measures," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 59(2), pages 527-547, February.
    5. Zou, Zhenfeng & Wu, Qinyu & Xia, Zichao & Hu, Taizhong, 2023. "Adjusted Rényi entropic Value-at-Risk," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 306(1), pages 255-268.
    6. Marcelo Brutti Righi & Fernanda Maria Muller & Marlon Ruoso Moresco, 2022. "A risk measurement approach from risk-averse stochastic optimization of score functions," Papers 2208.14809, arXiv.org, revised May 2023.
    7. Bernardi, Mauro & Maruotti, Antonello & Petrella, Lea, 2017. "Multiple risk measures for multivariate dynamic heavy–tailed models," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 1-32.
    8. Gregor Dorfleitner, 2022. "On the use of the terminal-value approach in risk-value models," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 313(2), pages 877-897, June.
    9. Spada, Matteo & Paraschiv, Florentina & Burgherr, Peter, 2018. "A comparison of risk measures for accidents in the energy sector and their implications on decision-making strategies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 277-288.
    10. Del Brio, Esther B. & Mora-Valencia, Andrés & Perote, Javier, 2020. "Risk quantification for commodity ETFs: Backtesting value-at-risk and expected shortfall," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 70(C).
    11. Xia Han & Ruodu Wang & Qinyu Wu, 2023. "Monotonic mean-deviation risk measures," Papers 2312.01034, arXiv.org.
    12. Marcelo Brutti Righi, 2018. "A theory for combinations of risk measures," Papers 1807.01977, arXiv.org, revised May 2023.
    13. Furman, Edward & Wang, Ruodu & Zitikis, Ričardas, 2017. "Gini-type measures of risk and variability: Gini shortfall, capital allocations, and heavy-tailed risks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 83(C), pages 70-84.
    14. Brandtner, Mario & Kürsten, Wolfgang & Rischau, Robert, 2018. "Entropic risk measures and their comparative statics in portfolio selection: Coherence vs. convexity," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 264(2), pages 707-716.
    15. Ruodu Wang & Ričardas Zitikis, 2021. "An Axiomatic Foundation for the Expected Shortfall," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 67(3), pages 1413-1429, March.
    16. De Giorgi, Enrico, 2005. "Reward-risk portfolio selection and stochastic dominance," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(4), pages 895-926, April.
    17. Liu, Fangda & Cai, Jun & Lemieux, Christiane & Wang, Ruodu, 2020. "Convex risk functionals: Representation and applications," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 66-79.
    18. Silvana Pesenti & Qiuqi Wang & Ruodu Wang, 2020. "Optimizing distortion riskmetrics with distributional uncertainty," Papers 2011.04889, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2022.
    19. Pablo Cristini Guedes & Fernanda Maria Müller & Marcelo Brutti Righi, 2023. "Risk measures-based cluster methods for finance," Risk Management, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 25(1), pages 1-56, March.
    20. Yu Feng, 2019. "Theory and Application of Model Risk Quantification," PhD Thesis, Finance Discipline Group, UTS Business School, University of Technology, Sydney, number 3-2019.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Entropic Value at Risk; Multivariate analysis; Mutual information; Risk management; Uncertainty;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C51 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Construction and Estimation
    • C58 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Financial Econometrics
    • G11 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Portfolio Choice; Investment Decisions
    • G13 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Contingent Pricing; Futures Pricing

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:57:y:2023:i:c:s1544612323005949. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/frl .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.