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Low platinum, high limiting current density of the PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) based on multilayer cathode catalyst approach

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  • Fofana, Daouda
  • Natarajan, Sadesh Kumar
  • Hamelin, Jean
  • Benard, Pierre

Abstract

Novel multilayer cathode electrodes structures for PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) based on sputtering technique were developed to provide high performance with low loading Pt of 0.05 mg/cm² compared to the standard MEA (membrane electrode assembly) cathode (∼0.2–0.3 mg/cm²). Different configurations of cathode catalyst layer were made by altering Pt and CN (Carbon–Nafion) ink carefully prepared on gas diffusion layer containing MPL (micro porous layer). The performances of PEMFC containing the multilayer electrodes were compared based on their measured polarization curves. Higher limiting current densities were achieved compared to standard MEA with platinum loading of 0.2 mg/cm² both at the cathode and the anode sides. Limiting current densities over 1.1 A/cm2, 1.2 A/cm2 and 1.4 A/cm2 were reached whereas maximum powers were in the range of 500 mW/cm² at 600 mW/cm². The good performances obtained can be due to the structural improvement which has contributed to a better catalyst utilization compared to conventional methods. A CN loading inferior to 0.24 mg/cm² between each layer is preferred for multilayer electrode.

Suggested Citation

  • Fofana, Daouda & Natarajan, Sadesh Kumar & Hamelin, Jean & Benard, Pierre, 2014. "Low platinum, high limiting current density of the PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) based on multilayer cathode catalyst approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 398-403.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:64:y:2014:i:c:p:398-403
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2013.10.021
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    2. Chen, Ben & Cai, Yonghua & Yu, Yi & Wang, Jun & Tu, Zhengkai & Chan, Siew Hwa, 2017. "Gas purging effect on the degradation characteristic of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with dead-ended mode operation II. Under different operation pressures," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 131(C), pages 50-57.
    3. Cheng Wang & Shubo Wang & Linfa Peng & Junliang Zhang & Zhigang Shao & Jun Huang & Chunwen Sun & Minggao Ouyang & Xiangming He, 2016. "Recent Progress on the Key Materials and Components for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells in Vehicle Applications," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(8), pages 1-39, July.
    4. Kiyani, Roya & Rowshanzamir, Soosan & Parnian, Mohammad Javad, 2016. "Nitrogen doped graphene supported palladium-cobalt as a promising catalyst for methanol oxidation reaction: Synthesis, characterization and electrocatalytic performance," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 113(C), pages 1162-1173.
    5. Chaisubanan, Napapat & Maniwan, Witchaya & Hunsom, Mali, 2017. "Effect of heat-treatment on the performance of PtM/C (M = Cr, Pd, Co) catalysts towards the oxygen reduction reaction in PEM fuel cell," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 454-461.
    6. Song, Xingjuan & Zhang, Dongming, 2014. "Bimetallic Ag–Ni/C particles as cathode catalyst in AFCs (alkaline fuel cells)," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 223-230.
    7. Ismail, M.S. & Ingham, D.B. & Ma, L. & Hughes, K.J. & Pourkashanian, M., 2017. "Effects of catalyst agglomerate shape in polymer electrolyte fuel cells investigated by a multi-scale modelling framework," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 420-430.
    8. Ruzzante, Pascal & Li, Xianguo, 2023. "3D hybrid stochastic reconstruction of catalyst layers in proton exchange membrane fuel cells from 2D images," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    9. Shahgaldi, Samaneh & Alaefour, Ibrahim & Li, Xianguo, 2018. "Impact of manufacturing processes on proton exchange membrane fuel cell performance," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 225(C), pages 1022-1032.
    10. Yang, Zirong & Du, Qing & Jia, Zhiwei & Yang, Chunguang & Jiao, Kui, 2019. "Effects of operating conditions on water and heat management by a transient multi-dimensional PEMFC system model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 183(C), pages 462-476.
    11. Alipour Moghaddam, Jafar & Parnian, Mohammad Javad & Rowshanzamir, Soosan, 2018. "Preparation, characterization, and electrochemical properties investigation of recycled proton exchange membrane for fuel cell applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 161(C), pages 699-709.

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