IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v342y2026ics0360544225052648.html

Low-carbon economic scheduling of rural virtual power plants considering carbon-green hydrogen certificates coupling mechanisms and farmers' cognitive preferences

Author

Listed:
  • Xiong, Xiaoping
  • Tang, Jun

Abstract

Aiming at a large number of decentralized resources such as rural biomass, rooftop photovoltaic, a wind power and small hydropower stations, a novel rural virtual power plant (NRVPP) has been conceptualized. The NRVPP consists of a biomass waste hydrogen production system, carbon capture devices, hydrogen fuel cells, waste treatment devices, and distributed renewable energy sources. Based on this, the quantum cognitive theory is introduced to simulate the differences in farmers' cognitive preferences, and a low-carbon economic dispatch model that accounts for the uncertainty in renewable energy output and farmers' cognitive preferences is constructed for the NRVPP. This model makes the NRVPP affordable while enhancing its operational reliability and providing a basis for operators to formulate reasonable low-carbon policies. However, to effectively convert the green hydrogen value and carbon reduction benefits obtained from internal optimization into achievable economic incentives, a carbon—green hydrogen certificate coupling mechanism is introduced. This mechanism achieves synergistic participation between carbon and green hydrogen certificate markets through a voluntary carbon offset certification, enabling the dynamic conversion of green hydrogen certificates into carbon allowances. This prevents duplicate incentives while enhancing market returns, thereby improving hydrogen energy development and carbon emission reductions in rural areas. Finally, the effectiveness and economic efficiency of the scheduling model were verified through simulation.

Suggested Citation

  • Xiong, Xiaoping & Tang, Jun, 2026. "Low-carbon economic scheduling of rural virtual power plants considering carbon-green hydrogen certificates coupling mechanisms and farmers' cognitive preferences," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 342(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:342:y:2026:i:c:s0360544225052648
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.139622
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544225052648
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2025.139622?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Jia, Dongqing & Li, Xingmei & Tan, Qinliang & Li, Bingkang & Lv, Xiaoyan, 2025. "Expanding the economic benefits of waste gasification through carbon and green certificate markets:Optimal bidding strategies in multiple markets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 319(C).
    2. Wang, Chengshan & Jiao, Bingqi & Guo, Li & Tian, Zhe & Niu, Jide & Li, Siwei, 2016. "Robust scheduling of building energy system under uncertainty," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 167(C), pages 366-376.
    3. Yang, Xiaohui & Wu, Chilv & Huang, Zezhong & Wang, Xiaopeng & Wang, Zhicong & Deng, Fuwei & Hu, Zecheng, 2025. "A two-stage dynamic planning for rural hybrid renewable energy systems under coupled carbon-green certificate trading," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 316(C).
    4. Wang, L.L. & Xian, R.C. & Jiao, P.H. & Chen, J.J. & Chen, Y. & Liu, H.G., 2024. "Multi-timescale optimization of integrated energy system with diversified utilization of hydrogen energy under the coupling of green certificate and carbon trading," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
    5. Ju, Liwei & Yin, Zhe & Zhou, Qingqing & Li, Qiaochu & Wang, Peng & Tian, Wenxu & Li, Peng & Tan, Zhongfu, 2022. "Nearly-zero carbon optimal operation model and benefit allocation strategy for a novel virtual power plant using carbon capture, power-to-gas, and waste incineration power in rural areas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 310(C).
    6. Sharafi, Masoud & ELMekkawy, Tarek Y., 2014. "Multi-objective optimal design of hybrid renewable energy systems using PSO-simulation based approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 68(C), pages 67-79.
    7. Lv, Xiaoyan & Li, Xingmei & Jia, Dongqing & Shen, Zhong, 2025. "Collaborative optimization for multipath coal-fired power project transition and renewable energy power project portfolio selection considering capacity payment and CCER," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 381(C).
    8. Lin, Zewei & Wang, Peng & Ren, Songyan & Zhao, Daiqing, 2023. "Economic and environmental impacts of EVs promotion under the 2060 carbon neutrality target—A CGE based study in Shaanxi Province of China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 332(C).
    9. Wang, Xinyu & Chen, Heng & Tong, Xi & Gao, Yue & Pan, Peiyuan & Liu, Wenyi, 2024. "Optimal scheduling of a multi-energy complementary system simultaneously considering the trading of carbon emission and green certificate," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 310(C).
    10. Cao, Jinye & Xu, Chunlei & Siqin, Zhuoya & Yu, Miao & Diao, Ruisheng, 2025. "Scenario-driven distributionally robust optimization model for a rural virtual power plant considering flexible energy-carbon-green certificate trading," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 379(C).
    11. Wu, Donglong & Zhou, Dequn & Zhu, Qingyuan & Wu, Liangpeng, 2024. "An investigation into the role of Residents' cognitive preferences in distributed renewable energy development," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 372(C).
    12. Goh, Hui Hwang & Huang, Changhe & Liang, Xue & Xie, Haonan & Zhang, Dongdong & Dai, Wei & Kurniawan, Tonni Agustiono & Wong, Shen Yuong & Goh, Kai Chen, 2025. "Sustainable development through the balancing of photovoltaic charging facilities and agriculture for energy harvesting," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PA).
    13. Tong, Xi & Zhao, Shuyuan & Chen, Heng & Wang, Xinyu & Liu, Wenyi & Sun, Ying & Zhang, Lei, 2025. "Optimal dispatch of a multi-energy complementary system containing energy storage considering the trading of carbon emission and green certificate in China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 314(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Tan, Mao & Jiang, Hongwei & Kuang, Yi & Li, Kang & Wang, Rui & Li, Zibin, 2025. "Electricity–carbon dual response for energy-intensive enterprise: A co-optimization approach," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 251(C).
    2. Zhu, Lin & Ji, Xiaoqin & Yang, Dechang & Dehghanian, Payman & Zhang, Lijun, 2026. "Optimized scheduling strategies for integrated energy systems in agricultural parks with near-zero carbon emissions," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 403(PA).
    3. Huang, Xin & Zhong, Junjie & Zhao, Jinjin & Cao, Yijia & Zeng, Zilong & Feng, Chuanhao, 2026. "Risk-averse scheduling of integrated energy systems: Green-carbon market coordination with flexible resources," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 344(C).
    4. Chen, Ziyu & Zhu, Jizhong & Liu, Yun & Dong, Zhaoyang & Xu, Yan, 2026. "A review of the carbon trading market with large-scale user participation based on blockchain," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    5. Song, Xiaoling & Wu, Han & Zhang, Jiale & Zhao, Chuandang & Peña-Mora, Feniosky, 2025. "Optimal operation of shared energy storage-assisted wind–solar–thermal power generation systems under the electricity-carbon markets," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 330(C).
    6. Cui, Mingyong & Ji, Xinpeng & Xu, Chenhao, 2025. "Low-carbon economic dispatch of integrated energy system based on oxygen-driven synergistic hydrogen production utilizing coal and electricity," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 335(C).
    7. Wu, Qunli & Li, Chunxiang, 2024. "A bi-level optimization framework for the power-side virtual power plant participating in day-ahead wholesale market as a price-maker considering uncertainty," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    8. Liu, Zhi-Feng & Luo, Xing-Fu & Jin, Xiao-Long & Kang, Qing, 2025. "Improving energy management efficiency of regional integrated energy system: A novel multi-agent reference dependence-based framework with green certificates allocation-transaction strategy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 399(C).
    9. Ju, Liwei & Lv, ShuoShuo & Zhang, Zheyu & Li, Gen & Gan, Wei & Fang, Jiangpeng, 2024. "Data-driven two-stage robust optimization dispatching model and benefit allocation strategy for a novel virtual power plant considering carbon-green certificate equivalence conversion mechanism," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 362(C).
    10. Ren, Xiaoxiao & Wang, Jinshi & Jiang, Chao & Liang, Tiebo & Yang, Sifan, 2025. "Optimization design of nuclear-renewable integrated energy system in industrial parks considering carbon-emissions trading and green-certificate trading," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 337(C).
    11. Xianpin Zhu & Weibo Li & Shuai Cao & Wei Xu, 2025. "Practical Application of Complementary Regulation Strategy of Run-of-River Small Hydropower and Distributed Photovoltaic Based on Multi-Scale Copula-MPC Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-42, July.
    12. Gao, Chong & Zhang, Ran & Tan, Qinliang & Lin, Siying & Jin, Yao & Gao, Jianwei, 2025. "Optimal scheduling of regional multi-energy systems considering low-carbon co-firing strategy and carbon-green certificate equivalence conversion mechanism based on Dynamic-Free Newton-Raphson-based optimizer," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 330(C).
    13. Ma, Yixiang & Yu, Lean & Zhang, Guoxing & Lu, Zhiming & Wu, Jiaqian, 2023. "Source-load uncertainty-based multi-objective multi-energy complementary optimal scheduling," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 219(P1).
    14. Fitsum Salehu Kebede & Jean-Christophe Olivier & Salvy Bourguet & Mohamed Machmoum, 2021. "Reliability Evaluation of Renewable Power Systems through Distribution Network Power Outage Modelling," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(11), pages 1-25, May.
    15. Zhang, Jiyuan & Tang, Hailong & Chen, Min, 2019. "Linear substitute model-based uncertainty analysis of complicated non-linear energy system performance (case study of an adaptive cycle engine)," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C), pages 87-108.
    16. Yanfeng Liu & Yaxing Wang & Xi Luo, 2020. "Design and Operation Optimization of Distributed Solar Energy System Based on Dynamic Operation Strategy," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(1), pages 1-26, December.
    17. Lili Liu & Tiantian Feng & Cheng Zhong & Mingli Cui & Haoran Wang, 2025. "Synergy pathway innovation of carbon emission trading, tradable green certificate and green power trading policies: achieving China’s dual carbon goals," Humanities and Social Sciences Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 12(1), pages 1-28, December.
    18. Qianqian Meng & Ziying Jia & Huixue Yang, 2024. "Policy Simulation of the Coordinated Development of Environmental Governance and Urbanization in the Beijing–Tianjin-Hebei Region: A Study Using a Multi-Regional CGE Model," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(23), pages 1-25, November.
    19. Mehrabankhomartash, Mahmoud & Rayati, Mohammad & Sheikhi, Aras & Ranjbar, Ali Mohammad, 2017. "Practical battery size optimization of a PV system by considering individual customer damage function," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 36-50.
    20. Lan, Hai & Wen, Shuli & Hong, Ying-Yi & Yu, David C. & Zhang, Lijun, 2015. "Optimal sizing of hybrid PV/diesel/battery in ship power system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 26-34.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:342:y:2026:i:c:s0360544225052648. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.