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Thermodynamic and economic analyses of a novel liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system incorporated with a coal-fired power plant

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  • Zheng, Lixing
  • Li, Yongqiang
  • Mao, Yixiong
  • Xue, Xiaojun
  • Xu, Gang
  • Lin, Xiao

Abstract

Liquid carbon dioxide energy storage (LCES) system is a promising technology for large-scale energy storage due to its small footprint and flexible operation, but is limited by low cycle efficiency. In order to effectively improve the efficiency of the LCES system, this paper proposes a design of integrating the system with a coal-fired power plant (CFPP). Based on the principle of energy cascade utilization, the condensate of CFPP directly recover the heat of compression in LCES system, whereas the condensate and feedwater of CFPP provide preheating when high-pressure CO2 is introduced to the turbine input. The system performance is evaluated through energy, exergy, economic, and environmental (4E) analyses. According to the results, LCES system has a round-trip efficiency of 60.65 %, with an increase of 2.48 %, an exergy efficiency of 76.56 %, and an energy storage density of 16.38 kWh/m3. Furthermore, LCES system reveals a dynamic payback period of 6.71 years and a net present value of 10,403 k$. In a cycle process, the emission of CO2 and SO2 reduce by 183 ton and 4.97 ton. In addition, a sensitivity analysis is conducted to analyze the influence of the main parameters on the performance of the system.

Suggested Citation

  • Zheng, Lixing & Li, Yongqiang & Mao, Yixiong & Xue, Xiaojun & Xu, Gang & Lin, Xiao, 2025. "Thermodynamic and economic analyses of a novel liquid carbon dioxide energy storage system incorporated with a coal-fired power plant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 325(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:325:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225018547
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.136212
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