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ANN-driven optimization and dynamic performance assessment of a hybrid energy system with enhanced SOFC and compressed air energy storage

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  • Dong, Chengbiao
  • Gunina, Milana Gennadyevna

Abstract

The present research introduces a new hybrid power cycle for higher renewable penetration while shaving electricity demands through efficient storage technologies. The research explores the critical question of how to optimize such a system for enhanced thermodynamic efficiency, economic feasibility, and environmental sustainability under varying operational and environmental conditions. A key novelty involves using flame-assisted solid oxide fuel cell technology, which increases hydrogen concentration in the combustion chamber, thus improving efficiency. Moreover, compressed air energy storage enhances the air pressure supplied to the fuel cell, thereby optimizing oxygen availability and reaction kinetics. The system's performance is comprehensively assessed, and multi-objective optimization through the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm is employed. An Artificial Neural Network is utilized as a surrogate model to mitigate computational burden, trained on a dataset of simulation results to forecast performance indicators based on design variables. The surrogate model is incorporated into the NSGA-II optimization to enhance convergence while maintaining accuracy. The system has an exergy efficiency of 79.9 %, a levelized cost of power (LCOP) of 198 USD/MWh, and a CO2 emission index of 210.9 kg/MWh at TOPSIs point. Optimization significantly improves system performance, achieving a 10.8 % increase in exergy efficiency and reducing LCOP and CO2 emissions by 143.4 USD/MWh and 60.7 kg/MWh, respectively. Seasonal variations in wind speed and temperature significantly affect system performance under optimal conditions, with monthly LCOP values fluctuating between 191.59 USD/MWh in October and 273.27 USD/MWh in March, alongside a sustainability index ranging from 7.8 to 9.2. Hourly analyses indicate that high wind availability improves sustainability metrics, whereas low wind conditions lead to greater dependence on combustion-driven operations, thereby diminishing efficiency and sustainability.

Suggested Citation

  • Dong, Chengbiao & Gunina, Milana Gennadyevna, 2025. "ANN-driven optimization and dynamic performance assessment of a hybrid energy system with enhanced SOFC and compressed air energy storage," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 328(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:328:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225020900
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.136448
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