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Quantitative analysis of energy-efficiency strategy on CO2 emissions in the residential sector in Japan - Case study of Iwate prefecture

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  • Ashina, Shuichi
  • Nakata, Toshihiko

Abstract

This study examines the economics of energy-efficiency strategies for reducing CO2 emissions in the residential sector in Japan from the perspective of regional characteristics. For this study, the residential sector in Iwate prefecture was selected as representative of rural areas in Japan. In order to promote purchases of energy-efficient consumer appliances, the prefectural government is presumed to reimburse purchasers a part of the cost difference between energy efficient and conventional appliances. This paper begins with a discussion of the prefecture's financial support for purchasers of energy efficient appliances and assumes that the payments come from prefectural government funds. This paper then looks at the effect of a carbon-tax refund on the reduction of CO2 emissions. The results show that, if half of the households use energy-efficient appliances, then CO2 emissions in the residential sector in the year 2020 will decreases from the BAU scenario, 0.726Â Mt-C to 0.674Â Mt-C. However, the Iwate prefectural government expends $105 million annually, which is 1.5% of the total tax revenue in the year 2003. The carbon-tax refund effectively encourages further reductions in CO2 emissions. Under the $20/tC carbon tax, proposed by the Ministry of the Environment, the carbon-tax refund leads to a reduction in residential CO2 emissions from 0.726Â Mt-C to 0.712Â Mt-C.

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  • Ashina, Shuichi & Nakata, Toshihiko, 2008. "Quantitative analysis of energy-efficiency strategy on CO2 emissions in the residential sector in Japan - Case study of Iwate prefecture," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(4), pages 204-217, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:85:y:2008:i:4:p:204-217
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    2. Fan, Jing-Li & Liao, Hua & Liang, Qiao-Mei & Tatano, Hirokazu & Liu, Chun-Feng & Wei, Yi-Ming, 2013. "Residential carbon emission evolutions in urban–rural divided China: An end-use and behavior analysis," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 323-332.
    3. Yun, Geun Young & Steemers, Koen, 2011. "Behavioural, physical and socio-economic factors in household cooling energy consumption," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(6), pages 2191-2200, June.
    4. Garg, Amit & Shukla, P.R. & Maheshwari, Jyoti & Upadhyay, Jigeesha, 2014. "An assessment of household electricity load curves and corresponding CO2 marginal abatement cost curves for Gujarat state, India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 568-584.
    5. Min, Jihoon & Azevedo, Inês Lima & Hakkarainen, Pekka, 2015. "Assessing regional differences in lighting heat replacement effects in residential buildings across the United States," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 12-18.
    6. Karan, Ebrahim & Mohammadpour, Atefeh & Asadi, Somayeh, 2016. "Integrating building and transportation energy use to design a comprehensive greenhouse gas mitigation strategy," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(C), pages 234-243.

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