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A mathematical model to study the energy efficiency of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with a dead-ended anode

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  • Tsai, Shang-Wen
  • Chen, Yong-Song

Abstract

When a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is operated in a dead-ended anode mode, nitrogen and water will diffuse from the cathode to the anode and accumulate in the anode channel. Accumulated nitrogen and water cause hydrogen depletion in the channel and reduce the performance of the fuel cell. This performance drop can be recovered by opening the purge valve at the anode outlet. However, unused hydrogen is purged out of the anode with nitrogen and water, causing the decrease of energy efficiency. To study the effect of the purge strategy on energy efficiency, a mathematical model capable of capturing the variation of the gas composition along the anode channel is developed. The effects of operating current density and purge strategy on the time evolutions of local current density and gas composition are presented. The optimum energy efficiency with respect to the purge duration of the purge valve is also discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Tsai, Shang-Wen & Chen, Yong-Song, 2017. "A mathematical model to study the energy efficiency of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell with a dead-ended anode," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C), pages 151-159.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:188:y:2017:i:c:p:151-159
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.11.128
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    3. Dashti, Isar & Asghari, Saeed & Goudarzi, Mohammad & Meyer, Quentin & Mehrabani-Zeinabad, Arjomand & Brett, Dan J.L., 2019. "Optimization of the performance, operation conditions and purge rate for a dead-ended anode proton exchange membrane fuel cell using an analytical model," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 179(C), pages 173-185.
    4. Chao Li & Baigang Sun & Qinghe Luo, 2022. "Effect of Structural Parameters and Operational Characteristic Analysis on Ejector Used in Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-21, July.
    5. Nie, Pu-Yan & Wang, Chan & Yang, Yon-Cong, 2017. "Comparison of energy efficiency subsidies under market power," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 144-149.
    6. Chen, Ben & Zhou, Haoran & He, Shaowen & Meng, Kai & Liu, Yang & Cai, Yonghua, 2021. "Numerical simulation on purge strategy of proton exchange membrane fuel cell with dead-ended anode," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 234(C).
    7. Steinberger, Michael & Geiling, Johannes & Oechsner, Richard & Frey, Lothar, 2018. "Anode recirculation and purge strategies for PEM fuel cell operation with diluted hydrogen feed gas," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 232(C), pages 572-582.
    8. Liu, Shihua & Li, Xiaoyang & Pang, Linjia & Geng, Tie & Guo, Yonggang & Jiang, Lin & Kang, Kejia & Wang, Xinchao & Liu, Zongyao, 2022. "Study on the effect of purging time on the performance of PEMFC with dead-ended anode under gravity," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 200(C), pages 1141-1151.
    9. Pei, Pucheng & Jia, Xiaoning & Xu, Huachi & Li, Pengcheng & Wu, Ziyao & Li, Yuehua & Ren, Peng & Chen, Dongfang & Huang, Shangwei, 2018. "The recovery mechanism of proton exchange membrane fuel cell in micro-current operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 1-9.
    10. Pan, Mingzhang & Pan, Chengjie & Li, Chao & Zhao, Jian, 2021. "A review of membranes in proton exchange membrane fuel cells: Transport phenomena, performance and durability," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    11. Taner, Tolga, 2018. "Energy and exergy analyze of PEM fuel cell: A case study of modeling and simulations," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 143(C), pages 284-294.
    12. Moazeni, Faegheh & Khazaei, Javad, 2020. "Electrochemical optimization and small-signal analysis of grid-connected polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells for renewable energy integration," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 155(C), pages 848-861.
    13. Liu, Shihua & Chen, Tao & Zhang, Cheng & Xie, Yi, 2020. "Study on the performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) with dead-ended anode in gravity environment," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(C).
    14. Kurnia, Jundika C. & Sasmito, Agus P. & Shamim, Tariq, 2019. "Advances in proton exchange membrane fuel cell with dead-end anode operation: A review," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 252(C), pages 1-1.
    15. Chen, Dongfang & Pei, Pucheng & Ren, Peng & Song, Xin & Wang, He & Zhang, Lu & Wang, Mingkai, 2022. "Analytical methods for the effect of anode nitrogen concentration on performance and voltage consistency of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).

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