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Estimating multicountry tourism flows by transport mode

Author

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  • Llano, Carlos
  • Pardo, Juan
  • Pérez-Balsalobre, Santiago
  • Pérez, Julián

Abstract

This article describes the methodology used to obtain a harmonized database of country-to-country flows of tourists and visitors built upon the UNWTO original database. Focusing on 74 countries for the period 1995–2018 and starting with data on outbound tourism, we develop a methodology using other alternative indicators from the UNWTO which fills the gaps related to two main indicators (Foreign Visitors by country of Residence and Foreign Tourists by country of Residence). Subsequently, intra-national domestic tourism and the transport mode specific flows are obtained. The paper finally contrasts the robustness of the results obtained with the gravity equation for all flows, thereby confirming the solvency of the process and the final data retrieved.

Suggested Citation

  • Llano, Carlos & Pardo, Juan & Pérez-Balsalobre, Santiago & Pérez, Julián, 2023. "Estimating multicountry tourism flows by transport mode," Annals of Tourism Research, Elsevier, vol. 103(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:anture:v:103:y:2023:i:c:s0160738323001457
    DOI: 10.1016/j.annals.2023.103672
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    International tourism; Domestic tourism; UNWTO; Transport mode; Gravity model;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • R12 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Size and Spatial Distributions of Regional Economic Activity; Interregional Trade (economic geography)
    • L8 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services
    • L83 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Sports; Gambling; Restaurants; Recreation; Tourism

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