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Water requirements for irrigation with saline groundwater of three date-palm cultivars with different salt-tolerances in the hyper-arid United Arab Emirates

Author

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  • Al-Muaini, Ahmed
  • Green, Steve
  • Dakheel, Abdullah
  • Abdullah, Al-Hareth
  • Sallam, Osama
  • Abou Dahr, Wasel Abdelwahid
  • Dixon, Steve
  • Kemp, Peter
  • Clothier, Brent

Abstract

Direct measurement of sap flow enabled determination of the seasonal pattern of water use, ETc, of three date (Phoenix dactylifera L.) varieties irrigated with groundwater at different salinities: S1 at 5 dS m−1 and S3 at 15 dS m−1. The ETc at the higher salinity was 43–46% lower across all varieties. The crop factor, Kc, was computed from ETc / ETo, where ETo is the reference evapotranspiration. By proximal sensing using a light stick, we measured the fraction of light intercepted, LI, by the trees’ canopies. For all varieties and salinities, we found the ratio Kc LI−1 to be about 0.95, which enables proximal sensing to be used to predict ETc for all varieties and across salinities. These predictions can then be used to schedule irrigation the recommended rate of 1.5 ETc, which accounts for a 25% factor-of-safety and a 25% salt leaching fraction. For S1, the salt-tolerant ‘Lulu’ used 50 kL tree−1 y−1, the moderately tolerant ‘Khalas’ consumed 43.1 kL tree−1 y−1, and the salt-intolerant ‘Shahlah’ transpired 57.3 kL tree−1 y−1. Whereas the drop in ETc across all varieties was similar between S1 and S3, there were large differences in the drop in date production. Date production between S1 and S3 dropped 29% for ‘Lulu’, 43% for ‘Khalas’, and 52% for ‘Shahlah’. Analysis of the consumed water productivity, CWP (kg-dates kL−1) provides insight into the impacts of salinity on date yield. For the tolerant ‘Lulu’ the CWP for S3 was higher (2.21 kg-dates kL−1) than that for S1 (1.78 kg-dates kL−1), although production was higher with S1 (89.1 kg tree−1) than S3 (62.9 kg tree−1). The CWP for ‘Khalas’ was the same for both treatments (≈ 1 kg-dates kL−1). For the salt intolerant ‘Shahlah’, CWP dropped between S1 (1.5 kg-dates kL−1) and S3 (1.34 kg-dates kL−1). Based on the price of dates, the CWP can also be used to assess the economic value of irrigation water by variety and salinity.

Suggested Citation

  • Al-Muaini, Ahmed & Green, Steve & Dakheel, Abdullah & Abdullah, Al-Hareth & Sallam, Osama & Abou Dahr, Wasel Abdelwahid & Dixon, Steve & Kemp, Peter & Clothier, Brent, 2019. "Water requirements for irrigation with saline groundwater of three date-palm cultivars with different salt-tolerances in the hyper-arid United Arab Emirates," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 222(C), pages 213-220.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agiwat:v:222:y:2019:i:c:p:213-220
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agwat.2019.05.022
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Al-Muaini, Ahmed & Green, Steve & Dakheel, Abdullah & Abdullah, Al-Hareth & Abou Dahr, Wasel Abdelwahid & Dixon, Steve & Kemp, Peter & Clothier, Brent, 2019. "Irrigation management with saline groundwater of a date palm cultivar in the hyper-arid United Arab Emirates," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 211(C), pages 123-131.
    2. Molden, D., 1997. "Accounting for water use and productivity," IWMI Books, Reports H021374, International Water Management Institute.
    3. Al-Yamani, Wafa & Green, Steve & Pangilinan, Rommel & Dixon, Steve & Shahid, Shabbir A. & Kemp, Peter & Clothier, Brent, 2019. "The impact of replacing groundwater by treated sewage effluent on the irrigation requirements of Al Ghaf (Prosopis cineraria) and Al Sidr (Ziziphus spina-christi) forests in the hyper-arid deserts of ," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 214(C), pages 28-37.
    4. Tripler, Effi & Shani, Uri & Mualem, Yechezkel & Ben-Gal, Alon, 2011. "Long-term growth, water consumption and yield of date palm as a function of salinity," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 99(1), pages 128-134.
    5. Molden, David J., 1997. "Accounting for water use and productivity," IWMI Books, International Water Management Institute, number 113623.
    6. Al-Yamani, Wafa & Green, Steve & Pangilinan, Rommel & Dixon, Steve & Shahid, Shabbir A. & Kemp, Peter & Clothier, Brent, 2019. "Water use of Al Samr (Acacia tortilis) forests irrigated with saline groundwater and treated sewage effluent in the hyper-arid deserts of Abu Dhabi," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 216(C), pages 361-364.
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    1. Al-Dakheel, Abdullah J. & Hussain, M. Iftikhar & Abdulrahman, Abdulqader & Abdullah, AlHarith, 2022. "Long term assessment of salinity impact on fruit yield in eighteen date palm varieties," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    2. Tamimi, Mansoor Al & Green, Steve & Hammami, Zied & Ammar, Khalil & Ketbi, Mouza Al & Al-Shrouf, Ali M. & Dawoud, Mohamed & Kennedy, Lesley & Clothier, Brent, 2022. "Evapotranspiration and crop coefficients using lysimeter measurements for food crops in the hyper-arid United Arab Emirates," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
    3. Fatima-Zahra Akensous & Mohamed Anli & Abdelilah Meddich, 2022. "Biostimulants as Innovative Tools to Boost Date Palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) Performance under Drought, Salinity, and Heavy Metal(Oid)s’ Stresses: A Concise Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(23), pages 1-30, November.
    4. Zhen, Jingbo & Lazarovitch, Naftali & Tripler, Effi, 2020. "Effects of fruit load intensity and irrigation level on fruit quality, water productivity and net profits of date palms," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 241(C).
    5. Al-Muaini, Ahmed & Green, Steve & Abou Dahr, Wasel Abdelwahid & Kennedy, Lesley & Kemp, Peter & Dawoud, Mohamed & Clothier, Brent, 2019. "Water use and irrigation requirements for date palms on commercial farms in the hyper-arid United Arab Emirates," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 223(C), pages 1-1.

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