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Crop rotations in Argentina: Analysis of water balance and yield using crop models

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  • Salado-Navarro, Luis R.
  • Sinclair, Thomas R.

Abstract

Cropping schemes have developed in east-central Argentina for rainfed soybean (Glycine max Merr.) production that invariably employ no-tillage management. Often these schemes include growing soybean in a sequence of crops including wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.). The full impact of various rotation schemes on soil water balance through a sequence of seasons has not been explored, although the value of these rotations has been studied experimentally. The objective of this work was to investigate through simulations, potential differences in temporal soil water status among rotations over five years. In this study, mechanistic models of soybean (Soy), maize (Maz), and wheat (Wht) were linked over a five-years period at Marcos Juárez, Argentina to simulate soil water status, crop growth, and yield of four no-till rotations (Soy/Soy, Soy/Wht, Soy/Maz, and Soy/Maz/Wht). Published data on sowing dates and initial soil water contents in the first year from a no-till rotation experiment were used as inputs to the model. After the first year, soil water status output from the model was used to initiate the next crop simulation in the sequence. The results of these simulations indicated a positive impact on soil water balance resulting from crop residue on the soil surface under no-till management. Continuous soybean and the two-year soybean/maize rotation did not efficiently use the available water from rainfall. Residue from maize was simulated to be especially effective in suppressing soil evaporation. Thus, the Soy/Maz simulation results indicated that this rotation resulted in enhanced soil water retention, increased deep water percolation, and increased soybean yields compared with continuous soybean crops. The simulated results matched well with experimental observations. The three-crop rotation of Soy/Maz/Wht did not increase simulated soybean yields, but the additional water retained as a result of decreased soil evaporation resulting from the maize residue allowed the addition of a wheat crop in this two-year rotation. Simulated soybean yields were poorly correlated with both the amount of soil water at sowing and the rainfall during the cropping period. These results highlight the importance of temporal distribution of rainfall on final yield. These models proved a valuable tool for assessing the consequences of various rotation schemes now being employed in Argentina on temporal soil water status, and ultimately crop yield.

Suggested Citation

  • Salado-Navarro, Luis R. & Sinclair, Thomas R., 2009. "Crop rotations in Argentina: Analysis of water balance and yield using crop models," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 102(1-3), pages 11-16, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agisys:v:102:y:2009:i:1-3:p:11-16
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sinclair, T.R. & Salado-Navarro, L.R. & Salas, Graciela & Purcell, L.C., 2007. "Soybean yields and soil water status in Argentina: Simulation analysis," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 94(2), pages 471-477, May.
    2. Messina, C. D. & Hansen, J. W. & Hall, A. J., 1999. "Land allocation conditioned on El Nino-Southern Oscillation phases in the Pampas of Argentina," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 60(3), pages 197-212, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. Choumert, Johanna & Phélinas, Pascale, 2015. "Determinants of agricultural land values in Argentina," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 134-140.
    2. Zhao, Zhiyuan & Zheng, Wei & Ma, Yanting & Wang, Xianling & Li, Ziyan & Zhai, Bingnian & Wang, Zhaohui, 2020. "Responses of soil water, nitrate and yield of apple orchard to integrated soil management in Loess Plateau, China," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 240(C).
    3. Julia Tomei & Stella Semino & Helena Paul & Lilian Joensen & Mario Monti & Erling Jelsøe, 2010. "Soy production and certification: the case of Argentinean soy-based biodiesel," Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, Springer, vol. 15(4), pages 371-394, April.
    4. Salassi, Michael E. & Deliberto, Michael A. & Guidry, Kurt M., 2013. "Economically optimal crop sequences using risk-adjusted network flows: Modeling cotton crop rotations in the southeastern United States," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 33-40.

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