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Grundlagen der EU-Regionalpolitik und Ansätze zu ihrer Weiterentwicklung

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  • Christian Weise

Abstract

The paper deals with the theoretical foundations of regional development measures of the European Union (EU) and options for its development in the future. It appears that, according to new trade theory models, liberalisation is not always immediately beneficial for all participants. Although the long-term benefits of liberalisation are undisputed, temporary adjustment costs may prevent liberalisation measures. Peripheral countries may not agree to them as long as their problems in participating in an integrated market are not taken into account. This is an argument in favour of regional policy as an instrument of allocation, not (only) distribution. Such a regional policy should be implemented not in the form of unconditional grants but as co-financing of targeted regional development programmes. Otherwise, receivers would be tempted to use grants for distributional purposes which is to be avoided. Future reforms might aim at a higher concentration of funding on poor Member States, at an allocation of funding that follows rules rather than political discretion and at coupling support gradually to a growth-orientated national economic policy. Der Artikel behandelt die theoretische Fundierung der EU-Regionalpolitik und Ansätze zu ihrer Weiterentwicklung. Die Modelle der neuen Außenhandelstheorie zeigen, dass Liberalisierung nicht immer und unmittelbar für alle Teilnehmer vorteilhaft ist. Auch wenn die langfristigen Vorteile von Liberalisierung unbestritten sind, können temporäre Anpassungskosten Liberalisierung verhindern. Periphere Länder könnten ihre Zustimmung verweigern, solange ihre Schwierigkeiten, an den Integrationsfortschritten teilzuhaben, dabei nicht ausreichend berücksichtigt werden. Dies ist ein Argument für Regionalpolitik nicht (nur) als Verteilungs-, sondern auch als Allokationsinstrument. Eine solche Regionalpolitik sollte nicht als ungebundener Finanzausgleich organisiert sein, sondern in Form einer Kofinanzierung zielgerichteter Entwicklungsprogramme erfolgen. Anderenfalls würden die Empfänger versucht sein, den Mittelzufluss auch distributiv zu verwenden, was in jedem Fall zu vermeiden ist. Künftige Reformen könnten auf eine stärkere Konzentration der Mittel auf arme Mitgliedstaaten, auf eine stärkere Regelbindung bei der Festsetzung der Förderhöhe und auf eine graduelle Kopplung der Förderung an eine wachstumsorientierte nationale Wirtschaftspolitik zielen.

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  • Christian Weise, 2005. "Grundlagen der EU-Regionalpolitik und Ansätze zu ihrer Weiterentwicklung," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 74(1), pages 74-90.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:74-1-6
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.74.1.74
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    1. Schwengler, Barbara, 2013. "Einfluss der europäischen Regionalpolitik auf die deutsche Regionalförderung," IAB-Discussion Paper 201318, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].

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