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L’andamento della spesa per l’intervento straordinario nel Mezzogiorno d’Italia, dalla golden age alla fine del XX secolo. (The trends in the expenditures of the extraordinary intervention in southern Italy, from the golden age up to the end of the XX century)

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  • Lepore, Amedeo

Abstract

La actuación de la Cassa per il Mezzogiorno, que hasta ahora había sido subestimada y despreciada, se ha revelado en la actualidad, gracias a un estudio más completo y preciso de su desarrollo, como el motor fundamental de convergencia entre la Italia septentrional y la meridional durante la era de mayor prosperidad europea entre los años 1950 y 1970. La contribución que su extraordinaria intervención hizo al progreso de toda Italia fue activada por una combinación única de factores, tanto internos como externos, cuyas piedras angulares estuvieron constituidas por la experiencia del IRI y la estrategia del Banco Mundial. Sobre la base de los estudios del SVIMEZ y los análisis de los presupuestos de la Cassa per il Mezzogiorno, complementados por los realizados por la Agenzia per la promozione dello sviluppo del Mezzogiorno, se han podido evaluar en su integridad los resultados de las políticas de desarrollo puestas en práctica en el sur del país. A despecho de que, sesenta años después, la distancia sea muy amplia todavía, sobre todo en lo que se refiere al Producto Nacional Bruto per capita, pero no hay que olvidar que éste ha crecido casi hasta su cuádruple en términos reales. El crecimiento tuvo lugar mayormente durante la golden age, es decir, durante el período más productivo de las acciones de la Cassa. De hecho, el gasto de la intervención extraordinaria produjo unos resultados significativos en la promoción y modernización de la Italia del Sur precisamente en la época de la industrialización masiva de Europa. Pero, sin embargo, los mayores niveles de gasto se alcanzaron a partir de 1970, probablemente debido al crecimiento de los centros de oferta y suministro económicos -especialmente después de la creación e instrumentación de las Regiones en Italia- y después del cambio general de las condiciones de estabilidad y la expansión de la inflación estructural, debido al funesto e imparable crecimiento de la Deuda pública. En conjunto, contemplando la imagen desde una perspectiva a largo plazo, la contribución de la Cassa per il Mezzogiorno al desarrollo social y económico de las provincias de la Italia del sur fue fundamental. Sus actividades y experiencias pueden ser consideradas como el instrumento más efectivo e innovador para el desarrollo de la Italia meridional y de toda Italia en su conjunto empleado en un lapso de siglo y medio. (The action of the Cassa per il Mezzogiorno, underrated and disparaged until now, following a more accurate reconstruction of its development, reveals itself as the critical engine of the convergence between Northern and Southern Italy during the era of greater prosperity in Europe, between the 1950s and the 1970s. The contribution the extraordinary intervention gave to the advancement of the whole of Italy was enacted by an unique combination of internal and international factors, whose cornerstones were the IRI experience and the strategy by the World Bank. Based on elaborations by the SVIMEZ and analyses of the Cassa per il Mezzogiorno budget, followed by those pertaining to the budget of the Agenzia per la promozione dello sviluppo del Mezzogiorno, the results of the development policies enacted in the South of the country have been evaluated in their entirety. Despite the fact that, after sixty years, the gap is still very wide, especially in terms of per capita GDP, it should also be considered that the per capita income grew almost fourfold in real terms. Besides, it should be considered that such growth happened mostly during the golden age, i.e. the more fruitful period of the Cassa’s action. In fact, the expenditures for extraordinary intervention gained significant value, promoting the modernization of Southern Italy exactly during the Europe-wide development of mass industrialization. However, the higher levels in expenditure were reached from the 1970s onwards, probably due to the growing centers of economical supply and provision – especially after the setup and implementation of the Regions in Italy – and after the general change in the conditions of economic stability and the spreading of structural inflation, itself due to the deadly and unstoppable growth of public debt. All in all, considering the long-term picture, the Cassa per il Mezzogiorno gave a fundamental contribution towards the overall social and economic developments of the territories in Southern Italy. Its activities and experiences should then be considered as the application of the most effective and innovative tool for development in the South and in the whole of Italy within a century and a half).

Suggested Citation

  • Lepore, Amedeo, 2012. "L’andamento della spesa per l’intervento straordinario nel Mezzogiorno d’Italia, dalla golden age alla fine del XX secolo. (The trends in the expenditures of the extraordinary intervention in southern," De Computis "Revista Española de Historia de la Contabilidad". De Computis "Spanish Journal of Accounting History"., Asociación Española de Contabilidad y Administración de Empresas (AECA). Spanish Accounting and Business Administration Association., issue 16, pages 76-119, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:dec:articl:2010-12:76-119
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