Sustainable Agricultural Practices and Efficiency in Fertilizer Use among Ecuadorian Farmers

Agriculture represents a fundamental activity for Ecuador’s economy and food security; however, the low efficiency in fertilizer use and the limited access to technical training continue to affect the productivity of small and medium-sized rural farmers. The present study aimed to analyze the relationship between agricultural training, efficient fertilizer use, and the productive performance of Ecuadorian farmers. The research was developed under a quantitative, descriptive, and correlational approach through a non-experimental cross-sectional design. Information was collected through surveys administered to farmers mainly engaged in rice, maize, and vegetable production in different rural areas of the country. The results showed that farmers who participated in training programs and demonstration plots presented higher levels of knowledge regarding balanced fertilization and proper nutrient management. Likewise, these farmers achieved better crop yields and reported a more favorable perception of food availability within their households. In contrast, non-trained farmers showed greater difficulties in applying fertilizers in a technical and efficient manner. The findings indicate that agricultural training and rural extension strategies significantly contribute to improving agricultural productivity, strengthening food security, and promoting sustainable practices in rural production systems in Ecuador. In conclusion, strengthening technical assistance and agricultural education programs can support rural development and enhance the sustainability of agricultural production in the country.