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Poverty traps, economic inequality and incentives for delinquency

Author

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  • Edgar Villa
  • Andrés Salazar

Abstract

This paper explores theoretical linkages between poverty traps, economic inequality and delinquency in a perfect competition overlapping generations model characterized by dual legal production sectors and one illegal sector. The model posits an absence of credit for human capital accumulation, which generates barriers to skilled educational attainment. We find that the existence of a poverty trap under conditions of sufficient initial economic inequality and costly indivisible human capital investment generates persistent delinquency in the long run. We examine steady state changes caused by shocks that increase skilled wages or reduce land assets available to the unskilled, finding that these shocks produce outbursts of delinquency that die out later if the shocks are temporary but increases permanently otherwise. We also find that an increase on relative poverty has an ambiguous effect on long run delinquency rates while an increased focus on law enforcement policies, intended to increase deterrence and incapacitation, reduces delinquency in the long run and increases wealth inequality. ***** Este artículo explora la conexión teórica entre trampas de pobreza, desigualdad económica y delincuencia en un modelo de generaciones traslapadas de dos sectores productivos legales y uno ilegal con ausencia de crédito para la acumulación de capital humano que generan barreras a trabajadores para obtener educación. Se encuentra que la existencia de una trampa de pobreza bajo una suficiente desigualdad económica inicial e indivisibilidad costosa de la inversión en capital humano genera delincuencia persistente en el largo plazo. Se estudian choques que incrementan el salario de trabajadores educados o que reducen activos para los trabajadores no educados, los cuales, si son temporales, generan aumentos en delincuencia en el corto plazo que luego tienden a diluirse en el tiempo; de lo contrario, producen mayor persistencia en la delincuencia. Se halla que el aumento en la proporción de pobreza relativa en la economía tiene un efecto ambiguo sobre el nivel de delincuencia en el largo plazo. Finalmente, se encuentra que políticas que aumentan la seguridad de los individuos en la economía disminuyen la delincuencia en el largo plazo pero se acompanan de un aumento en la desigualdad en riqueza. ***** Cet article explore la connexion théorique entre les pieges de la pauvreté, l’inégalité économique et la délinquance dans un modele de générations chevauchant deux secteurs productifs légaux et un illégal avec une absence de crédit pour l’accumulation de capital humain qui dressent des barrieres aux travailleurs pour obtenir une éducation. On trouve que l’existence d’un piege de pauvreté avec une inégalité économique initiale suffisante et une indivisibilité couteuse de l’investissement en capital humain entraine une délinquance persistante a long terme. Nous étudions des chocs qui augmentent le salaire de travailleurs éduqués ou qui réduisent des actifs pour les travailleurs non éduqués, qui, s’ils sont provisoires génerent une augmentation de la délinquance a court terme et qui ensuite ont tendance a se diluer dans le temps ; par contre ils produisent une plus grande persistance de la délinquance. On trouve que l’augmentation de la proportion de pauvreté relative dans l’économie possede un effet ambigu sur le niveau de délinquance a long terme. Enfin, on constate que des politiques qui améliorent la sécurité des individus dans l’économie diminuent la délinquance a long terme mais sont accompagnées par une augmentation des inégalités en richesse.

Suggested Citation

  • Edgar Villa & Andrés Salazar, 2013. "Poverty traps, economic inequality and incentives for delinquency," Revista Cuadernos de Economia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, FCE, CID, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000093:011074
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    poverty traps; inequality; delinquency; human capital;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I30 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials
    • K42 - Law and Economics - - Legal Procedure, the Legal System, and Illegal Behavior - - - Illegal Behavior and the Enforcement of Law
    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O17 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Formal and Informal Sectors; Shadow Economy; Institutional Arrangements

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