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Ecological Goals and Wetland Preservation Choice

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  • Aaron De Laporte
  • Alfons Weersink
  • Wanhong Yang

Abstract

Canada's multilayered wetland policies promote the preservation of “significant” wetlands, but the criteria for identifying these wetlands are not clearly defined partially because wetlands are a source of multiple ecological outputs, such as abating sediment and providing wildlife habitat. This study adapts a GIS‐based, hydrologic, and economic model to examine the trade‐offs between agricultural interests and ecological benefits in the Eramosa Watershed, located in southwestern Ontario, Canada. While preserving a wetland enhances both water quality and wildlife habitat goals, and the costs of preservation increase at an increasing rate as expected, the ranking of wetlands, and so the choice of “significant” wetlands, varies considerably depending upon the wetland benefit chosen as the policy goal. The trade‐off between wetland benefits and drainage is diminished if there is an alternative means to abate sediment. Since conservation tillage is a lower cost means of improving water quality than wetland preservation, its inclusion can achieve comparable environmental benefits at decreased agricultural cost. La politique canadienne multicouche sur les zones humides préconise la préservation des zones humides «d'importance», mais les critères d'identification de ces zones ne sont pas clairement définis, en partie parce que les zones humides offrent une foule d'avantages écologiques tels que la réduction des sédiments et la constitution d'habitats fauniques. Dans la présente étude, nous avons adapté un modèle économique et hydrologique fondé sur un système d'information géographique (SIG) pour analyser les compromis entre les intérêts agricoles et les avantages écologiques dans le bassin hydrographique de la rivière Eramosa, situé dans le sud‐ouest de la province d'Ontario, au Canada. Bien que la préservation des zones humides améliore la qualité de l'eau et les habitats fauniques, et que les coûts liés à la préservation ne cessent d'augmenter, le classement des zones humides et, par conséquent, le choix des zones humides «d'importance» varient considérablement en fonction de l'avantage retenu comme objectif politique. Le compromis entre les avantages des zones humides et le drainage est diminué s'il existe une solution de rechange pour réduire les sédiments. Étant donné que, pour améliorer la qualité de l'eau, le travail de conservation du sol est un moyen plus économique que la préservation des zones humides, il peut permettre d'obtenir des avantages environnementaux comparables à des coûts agricoles moins élevés.

Suggested Citation

  • Aaron De Laporte & Alfons Weersink & Wanhong Yang, 2010. "Ecological Goals and Wetland Preservation Choice," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 58(1), pages 131-150, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:canjag:v:58:y:2010:i:1:p:131-150
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7976.2009.01161.x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

    1. Duke, Joshua M. & Borchers, Allison M. & Johnston, Robert J. & Absetz, Sarah, 2012. "Sustainable agricultural management contracts: Using choice experiments to estimate the benefits of land preservation and conservation practices," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C), pages 95-103.
    2. Roy Brouwer & Rute Pinto & Jorge Garcia‐Hernandez & Xingtong Li & Merrin Macrae & Predrag Rajsic & Wanhong Yang & Yongbo Liu & Mark Anderson & Louise Heyming, 2023. "Spatial optimization of nutrient reduction measures on agricultural land to improve water quality: A coupled modeling approach," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 71(3-4), pages 329-353, September.
    3. De Laporte, Aaron & Banger, Kamaljit & Weersink, Alfons & Wagner-Riddle, Claudia & Grant, Brian & Smith, Ward, 2021. "Economic and environmental consequences of nitrogen application rates, timing and methods on corn in Ontario," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).

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