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The trade-enhancing impact of product standard harmonisation
[L’impact positif de l’harmonisation des normes de produits sur le commerce international]

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  • Julia SCHMIDT

Abstract

Economic research – Product standards are a defining feature of industrial processes and citizens’ everyday lives: from A4 paper size to 5G mobile telecommunications, product standards are omnipresent. Though their prevalence is largely unnoticed by consumers, producers have to incorporate the specifications of these standards into their design and production processes. These standardisation efforts are not confined to national borders. Quantifying the effect of cross-country standard harmonisation, we find that it is on average equivalent to a tariff reduction of 2.1 percentage points. Given their large number, these standardisation efforts thus outnumber the effect of conventional trade policy tools. Les normes de produits interviennent de façon déterminante dans les processus industriels et touchent aussi directement la vie quotidienne des citoyens. Du format de papier A4 à la norme 5G pour les télécommunications mobiles, les normes de produits sont omniprésentes. Même si la plupart des consommateurs l’ignorent, les producteurs sont tenus d’intégrer les spécifications de ces normes dans leurs processus de conception et de fabrication. Ces efforts de normalisation dépassent nettement les frontières nationales. Lorsque nous quantifions l’effet de l’harmonisation transnationale de normes, nous constatons que celle-ci équivaut en moyenne à une réduction de 2,1% des tarifs douaniers. Au regard de leur nombre élevé, ces efforts de normalisation ont donc un effet supérieur à celui des instruments classiques de la politique commerciale.

Suggested Citation

  • Julia SCHMIDT, 2020. "The trade-enhancing impact of product standard harmonisation [L’impact positif de l’harmonisation des normes de produits sur le commerce international]," Bulletin de la Banque de France, Banque de France, issue 228.
  • Handle: RePEc:bfr:bullbf:2020:228:02
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Joseph Farrell & Garth Saloner, 1985. "Standardization, Compatibility, and Innovation," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 16(1), pages 70-83, Spring.
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    3. Schmidt, Julia & Steingress, Walter, 2022. "No double standards: Quantifying the impact of standard harmonization on trade," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    4. Katz, Michael L & Shapiro, Carl, 1985. "Network Externalities, Competition, and Compatibility," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 75(3), pages 424-440, June.
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration
    • L15 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Information and Product Quality

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