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Access and Use of Healthcare by Ethnic Minorities in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana

Author

Listed:
  • Buor, Daniel

    (Department of Geography and Rural Development, KNUST-Kumasi, Ghana)

  • Peter Ansah Boakye

    (Department of Geography and Rural Development, KNUST-Kumasi, Ghana)

  • Seth Agyemang

    (Department of Geography and Rural Development, KNUST-Kumasi, Ghana)

Abstract

Objectives: Ethnic minorities are faced with challenges that hinder their use of health facilities, compared to their non-migrant colleagues. This study examined access and use of healthcare by ethnic minorities in the Kumasi Metropolis using the Andersen behavioural model (1995) as the underlying theory. Methods: The study employed a mixed-methods design. The accidental and snowball sampling techniques were used to collect data from 207 respondents using questionnaires and interview and focus group discussion guides as instruments. Data were analysed using Pearson’s Chi-square tests and multiple regression model with a significant level expressed at a probability of ≤0.05. The qualitative data on the other hand were analysed thematically with quotes from respondents. Results: Results show that 31.1% of the ethnic minorities in the central business district (CBD) and 28.1% in the periphery utilized healthcare services very regularly. Distance and insurance are the factors that show a statistically significant relationship with the use of healthcare. Qualitative findings show that among constraints to access and use of healthcare by ethnic minorities are distance, low access to insurance, medical cost, and staff-patient communication barriers. The Anderson (1995) model has been partially justified. The study limitations are the limited study area and sample size. The study has succeeded in using a behavioural model to explain the use of healthcare by ethnic minorities in a developing economy. A key recommendation made to improve access to and use of healthcare by ethnic minorities is making it easier for participants to enrol on the NHIS.

Suggested Citation

  • Buor, Daniel & Peter Ansah Boakye & Seth Agyemang, 2025. "Access and Use of Healthcare by Ethnic Minorities in the Kumasi Metropolis, Ghana," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 9(5), pages 5774-5792, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:bcp:journl:v:9:y:2025:issue-5:p:5774-5792
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Igna Bonfrer & Lyn Breebaart & Ellen Van de Poel, 2016. "The Effects of Ghana’s National Health Insurance Scheme on Maternal and Infant Health Care Utilization," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(11), pages 1-13, November.
    2. Wallace, S. & Nazroo, J. & Bécares, L., 2016. "Cumulative effect of racial discrimination on the mental health of ethnic minorities in the United Kingdom," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 106(7), pages 1294-1300.
    3. Abdul-Aziz Seidu, 2020. "Mixed effects analysis of factors associated with barriers to accessing healthcare among women in sub-Saharan Africa: Insights from demographic and health surveys," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(11), pages 1-16, November.
    4. United Nations UN, 2015. "Transforming our World: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development," Working Papers id:7559, eSocialSciences.
    5. Suurmond, J. & Ulters, E. & De Bruljne, M.N.C. & Stronks, K. & Essink-Bot, M.-L., 2010. "Explaining ethnic disparities in patient safety: A qualitative analysis," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 100(S1), pages 113-117.
    6. World Bank, 2006. "World Development Report 2007," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 5989.
    7. Blais, Régis & Maïga, Aboubacrine, 1999. "Do ethnic groups use health services like the majority of the population? A study from Quebec, Canada," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 48(9), pages 1237-1245, May.
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