IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bcp/journl/v9y2025issue-4p1662-1676.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Corporate Income Tax and Financial Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria

Author

Listed:
  • Onwughai, Emelenjor Austin

    (Department of Accountingfaculty of Management Sciences veritas University, Abuja Nigeria)

  • Prof. Musa J. Success

    (Department of Accountingfaculty of Management Sciences veritas University, Abuja Nigeria)

  • Prof. Mathias Ofili

    (Department of Accountingfaculty of Management Sciences veritas University, Abuja Nigeria)

Abstract

This study examines the effect of Company Income Tax (CIT) on the financial performance (ROA) of listed deposit money banks in Nigeria, with a particular focus on the moderating role of Firm Size in the CIT-ROA relationship. The study population comprises all 43 deposit money banks as published on the Central Bank of Nigeria’s website as at April 26, 2024. A sample of twelve banks was selected using a purposive sampling technique. The study covers a fifteen-year period from 2009 to 2023, utilizing secondary data extracted from the audited financial statements of the selected banks. Employing ex-post facto research design, pooled regression was used for the analysis. The findings reveal a statistically positive but insignificant relationship between CIT and ROA. However, with moderation, the CIT-ROA relationship was found to be negative and significant. The study recommends banks should adopt effective tax planning by leveraging incentives and deductions while ensuring compliance. This will help enhance profitability and improve ROA without risking regulatory penalties. Policymakers should review tax policies for larger banks, as CIT negatively impacts their financial performance. Introducing tiered tax rates or industry-specific incentives can promote growth and stability.

Suggested Citation

  • Onwughai, Emelenjor Austin & Prof. Musa J. Success & Prof. Mathias Ofili, 2025. "Corporate Income Tax and Financial Performance of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 9(4), pages 1662-1676, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:bcp:journl:v:9:y:2025:issue-4:p:1662-1676
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-9-issue-4/1662-1676.pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/articles/corporate-income-tax-and-financial-performance-of-deposit-money-banks-in-nigeria/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Shleifer, Andrei & Vishny, Robert W, 1997. "A Survey of Corporate Governance," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 52(2), pages 737-783, June.
    2. Dang, Chongyu & (Frank) Li, Zhichuan & Yang, Chen, 2018. "Measuring firm size in empirical corporate finance," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 159-176.
    3. Mihir A Desai & Dhammika Dharmapala, 2009. "Corporate Tax Avoidance and Firm Value," The Review of Economics and Statistics, MIT Press, vol. 91(3), pages 537-546, August.
    4. Thorsten Beck & Asli Demirguc-Kunt & Ross Levine, 2005. "SMEs, Growth, and Poverty: Cross-Country Evidence," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 10(3), pages 199-229, September.
    5. Jensen, Michael C, 1986. "Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow, Corporate Finance, and Takeovers," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 76(2), pages 323-329, May.
    6. Richardson, Grant & Lanis, Roman, 2007. "Determinants of the variability in corporate effective tax rates and tax reform: Evidence from Australia," Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, Elsevier, vol. 26(6), pages 689-704.
    7. Desai, Mihir A. & Foley, C. Fritz & Hines, James Jr., 2004. "Foreign direct investment in a world of multiple taxes," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 2727-2744, December.
    8. Fama, Eugene F & Jensen, Michael C, 1983. "Separation of Ownership and Control," Journal of Law and Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 26(2), pages 301-325, June.
    9. Cordelia Onyinyechi Omodero & Amah Kalu Ogbonnaya, 2018. "Corporate Tax and Profitability of Deposit Money Banks in Nigeria," Journal of Accounting, Business and Finance Research, Scientific Publishing Institute, vol. 3(2), pages 47-55.
    10. John R. Graham & Michelle Hanlon & Terry Shevlin & Nemit Shroff, 2017. "Tax Rates and Corporate Decision-making," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 30(9), pages 3128-3175.
    11. Olatubosun Felix JOLAIYA, 2024. "The Effect of Green Taxation on Financial Performance of Selected Oil and Gas Firms in Nigeria," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 8(3), pages 2620-2634, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Ana Isabel Martins Ribeiro & António Cerqueira & Elísio Brandão, 2015. "The Determinants of Effective Tax Rates: Firms’ Characteristics and Corporate Governance," FEP Working Papers 567, Universidade do Porto, Faculdade de Economia do Porto.
    2. Takuriramunashe Famba & Lloyd Chiriseri & Grace Chituku-Dzimiro & Ophias Kurauone, 2024. "Two-tier corporate board structure, corporate governance reforms and financial performance of firms listed on the China stock market," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 4(11), pages 1-32, November.
    3. Jiménez-Angueira, Carlos E., 2018. "The effect of the interplay between corporate governance and external monitoring regimes on firms' tax avoidance," Advances in accounting, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 7-24.
    4. Massimo Colombo & Annalisa Croce & Samuele Murtinu, 2014. "Ownership structure, horizontal agency costs and the performance of high-tech entrepreneurial firms," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 42(2), pages 265-282, February.
    5. Ferrell, Allen & Liang, Hao & Renneboog, Luc, 2016. "Socially responsible firms," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 122(3), pages 585-606.
    6. Stavros E. Arvanitis & Theodoros V. Stamatopoulos & Dimitris Terzakis, 2018. "Is There a Non-linear Relationship of Market Value with Cash and Ownership?," SPOUDAI Journal of Economics and Business, SPOUDAI Journal of Economics and Business, University of Piraeus, vol. 68(1), pages 3-25, January-M.
    7. Estévez-Mendoza, Carlos & Montoro-Sánchez, Ángeles, 2024. "Exploring the relationship between innovation and corporate governance," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 209(C).
    8. Jackie Krafft & Jacques-Laurent Ravix, 2008. "Corporate Governance in Advanced Economies: Lessons in a Post Financial Crash Era.. Introduction to the Special Issue," Recherches économiques de Louvain, De Boeck Université, vol. 74(4), pages 419-424.
    9. Wiwattanakantang, Yupana, 1999. "An empirical study on the determinants of the capital structure of Thai firms," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 7(3-4), pages 371-403, August.
    10. Paul Gompers & Joy Ishii & Andrew Metrick, 2003. "Corporate Governance and Equity Prices," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 118(1), pages 107-156.
    11. Wali Ullah, 2017. "Evolving corporate governance and firms performance: evidence from Japanese firms," Economics of Governance, Springer, vol. 18(1), pages 1-33, February.
    12. Chen, Xiaoying (Cindy) & Yur-Austin, Jasmine, 2007. "Re-measuring agency costs: The effectiveness of blockholders," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 47(5), pages 588-601, December.
    13. Son Le & Mark Kroll & Bruce Walters, 2010. "The impact of institutional changes on corporate governance mechanisms in transition economies," Journal of Management & Governance, Springer;Accademia Italiana di Economia Aziendale (AIDEA), vol. 14(2), pages 91-114, May.
    14. Hussaini, Mussa, 2025. "Acquirer board independence and acquisitions performance: A meta-analysis," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 102(C).
    15. Jayesh Kumar, 2003. "Ownership Structure and Corporate Firm Performance," Finance 0304004, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    16. Balsmeier, Benjamin & Fleming, Lee & Manso, Gustavo, 2017. "Independent boards and innovation," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 123(3), pages 536-557.
    17. James, Hui & Benson, Bradley W. & Wu, Chen (Ken), 2017. "Does CEO ownership affect payout policy? Evidence from using CEO scaled wealth-performance sensitivity," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 328-345.
    18. Bhargava, Rahul & Faircloth, Sheri & Zeng, Hongchao, 2017. "Takeover protection and stock price crash risk: Evidence from state antitakeover laws," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 177-184.
    19. Bushman, Robert M. & Smith, Abbie J., 2001. "Financial accounting information and corporate governance," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 32(1-3), pages 237-333, December.
    20. Mykhayliv, Dariya & Zauner, Klaus G., 2017. "The impact of equity ownership groups on investment: Evidence from Ukraine," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 20-25.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bcp:journl:v:9:y:2025:issue-4:p:1662-1676. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Dr. Pawan Verma (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.