Investigating the Turning Point of Carbon Kuznets Curve in the Case of Morocco

This paper aims to establish a long-term and causal relationship between economic growth and carbon dioxide emissions in Morocco. Using data from 1990 to 2023, the Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis was tested using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag bounds test methodology. The empirical results suggest a long-run association between per capita CO2 emissions and real per capita Gross Domestic Product when CO2 emissions are the dependent variable. Additionally, our findings indicate an inverted U-shaped, or Environmental Kuznets Curve, relationship between per capita CO2 emissions and income levels. The estimations from a long-term regression show that although the peak point of GDP per capita was calculated to be 7229.729 US Dollars, this turning point fell outside of our observable sample period. Therefore, as per capita GDP rises in subsequent years, CO2 emissions are expected to decrease gradually.