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The effects of CAP greening on Italian agriculture

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  • Vanni, Francesco
  • Cardillo, Concetta

Abstract

The greening of direct payments has been introduced into the first pillar of the CAP post-2013 with the objective of promoting sustainable agricultural practices more effectively through simple, generalised, non-contractual and annual actions that go beyond cross-compliance. The main objective of this article is to analyse the effects of this new policy instrument on Italian agriculture by evaluating, through the data from the 6th Agricultural Census of ISTAT, the number of farms and the areas poten- tially affected by these new environmental obligations. Even though the analysis is mainly focused on the greening obligations as have been agreed in the final regulation on direct payments, the article also looks at the main differences, in terms of farms and areas covered, between the final version of the greening measures and the environmental requirements as were proposed by the European Commission in 2011. The article shows that, in its final form, the greening has considerably diminished its potential in promoting sustainable practices on a large scale, since it will affect quite a small percentage of holdings concentrated in specific areas. This is particularly evident in Italy, where arable land is very fragmented and where the average size of farm is well below the thresholds established for the greening requirements. By starting from the Italian case, the article provides a critical discussion on the future CAP and on the main difficulties of implementing a coherent agri-environmental strategy through the direct payments of the first pillar.

Suggested Citation

  • Vanni, Francesco & Cardillo, Concetta, . "The effects of CAP greening on Italian agriculture," Politica Agricola Internazionale - International Agricultural Policy, Edizioni L'Informatore Agrario, vol. 2013(3).
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:eiapai:169845
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.169845
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Monteleone, Alessandro & Pierangeli, Fabio, 2012. "The reform of the CAP post-2013: allocation criteria in the second pillar," Politica Agricola Internazionale - International Agricultural Policy, Edizioni L'Informatore Agrario, vol. 2012(4), pages 1-13.
    2. Matthews, Alan, 2013. "Greening agricultural payments in the EU’s Common Agricultural Policy," Bio-based and Applied Economics Journal, Italian Association of Agricultural and Applied Economics (AIEAA), vol. 2(01), pages 1-27, April.
    3. Dwyer, Janet, 2013. "Transformation for sustainable agriculture: what role for the second Pillar of CAP?," Bio-based and Applied Economics Journal, Italian Association of Agricultural and Applied Economics (AIEAA), vol. 2(01), pages 1-19, April.
    4. Alan Matthews, 2012. "Greening the Cap: The Way Forward," QA - Rivista dell'Associazione Rossi-Doria, Associazione Rossi Doria, issue 4, December.
    5. Hart, Kaley & Little, Jonathan, . "Environmental approach of the CAP legislative proposal," Politica Agricola Internazionale - International Agricultural Policy, Edizioni L'Informatore Agrario, vol. 2012(01), pages 1-11.
    6. Zahrnt, Valentin, 2009. "Public Money for Public Goods: Winners and Losers from CAP Reform," ECIPE Working Papers 51300, European Centre for International Political Economy (ECIPE).
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    Cited by:

    1. Alexandre Sauquet, 2021. "Ex-post analysis of the crop diversification policy ofthe CAP Greening in France," CEE-M Working Papers hal-03455548, CEE-M, Universtiy of Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro.
    2. Pavel Ciaian & d'Artis Kancs & Maria Espinosa, 2018. "The Impact of the 2013 CAP Reform on the Decoupled Payments’ Capitalisation into Land Values," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 69(2), pages 306-337, June.
    3. Carmelo Díaz-Poblete & María Carmen García-Cortijo & Juan Sebastián Castillo-Valero, 2021. "Is the Greening Instrument a Valid Precedent for the New Green Architecture of the CAP? The Case of Spain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(10), pages 1-11, May.
    4. Piotr Kułyk & Łukasz Augustowski, 2020. "Conditions of the Occurrence of the Environmental Kuznets Curve in Agricultural Production of Central and Eastern European Countries," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-22, October.
    5. Carmelo Díaz Poblete & Juan Sebastián Castillo Valero & María Carmen Garcia-Cortijo, 2025. "Environmental assymetry between the pillars of the CAP: the case of Spain," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 27(7), pages 17147-17161, July.
    6. Jan Pokrivčák & Marián Tóth & Pavel Ciaian & Martin Bušík & Andrej Svorenčík, . "Why Cannot Direct Payments Be Capped in Slovakia? A Political Economy Perspective," Prague Economic Papers, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 0.
    7. Fabian Thomas & Estelle Midler & Marianne Lefebvre & Stefanie Engel, 2019. "Greening the common agricultural policy: a behavioural perspective and lab-in-the-field experiment in Germany," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 46(3), pages 367-392.
    8. Kamel Elouhichi & Maria Espinosa Goded & Pavel Ciaian & Angel Perni Llorente & Bouda Vosough Ahmadi & Liesbeth Colen & Sergio Gomez Y Paloma, 2018. "The EU-Wide Individual Farm Model for Common Agricultural Policy Analysis (IFM-CAP v.1): Economic Impacts of CAP Greening," JRC Research Reports JRC108693, Joint Research Centre.
    9. Kamel Louhichi & Pavel Ciaian & Maria Espinosa & Angel Perni & Sergio Gomez y Paloma, 2018. "Economic impacts of CAP greening: application of an EU-wide individual farm model for CAP analysis (IFM-CAP)," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 45(2), pages 205-238.
    10. Ewa Kiryluk-Dryjska & Barbara Więckowska & Kinga Smolińska, 2022. "Winners and Losers of the CAP’s Rural Development Policy in Poland," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-15, May.
    11. Jan Pokrivčák & Marián Tóth & Pavel Ciaian & Martin Bušík & Andrej Svorenčík, 2020. "Why Cannot Direct Payments Be Capped in Slovakia? A Political Economy Perspective," Prague Economic Papers, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2020(6), pages 625-648.

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