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A Conception to Activate Zakāh as an Islamic Mechanism for Human Development تصور لتفعيل الزكـاة كآلية إسلامية للتنمية البشرية

Author

Listed:
  • Ahmad F. Oran

    (Professor of Economics & Islamic Economics Thought Faculty of Business, Jordan University Amman, Jordan)

Abstract

The weakness of the economic and social performance of Muslim countries revealed by the intractable deficits in public budgets, large and chronic indebtedness, high rates of unemployment, poverty, and malnutrition is mainly due to the liberal capitalist policies applied by these countries. In contrast, linking Islamic principles and values to economic activity and their positive impact on human society theoretically, though important, cannot alone solve the outstanding social problems. Time has come to transform from theory to practice whatever Islamic economic principles can be implemented to alleviate the suffering of the Muslim peoples. The study attempts to show the possibility of applying the Islamic economic thought to effectively improving human development in Muslim countries. Activating zakāh institution by employing its funds on behalf of beneficiaries enables wealth creation. Part of the growth in wealth should be used to combat hunger and poverty that will necessarily lead to improve human development. Not only would this activation serve the poor, but it will also strengthen the economy of the concerned state. The study suggests a gradual approach and proposes a project to activate and direct the role of zakāh to enhance human development. إن ضعف الأداء الاقتصادي والاجتماعي للدول الإسلامية ممثلاً بعجوزات مستعصية في الموازنات العامة، ومديونية كبيرة مزمنة، ومعدلات بطالة وفقر وسوء تغذية مرتفعة يرتبط أساسًا بالسياسات الرأسمالية المُتحررة المطبقة في تلك الدول. وفي المقابل إن الحديث عن أهمية المبادئ والقيم الإسلامية ومدى ارتباطها بالنشاط الاقتصادي وأثرها الإيجابي على الإنسان والمجتمع، على أهميته، لا يؤدي وحده إلى حل المشاكل الاجتماعية القائمة في العالم الإسلامي. لقد آن الأوان للعمل على تحويل ما يمكن من الفكر الاقتصادي الإسلامي من عالم التنظير إلى عالم التطبيق لتخفيف حدة معاناة الشعوب الإسلامية. تأتي هذه الدراسة لتبين إمكانية التعامل مع الفكر الاقتصادي الإسلامي للعمل وبفاعلية لتحسين مستوى التنمية البشرية في الدول الإسلامية من خلال توظيف حصيلة الزكاة نيابة عن مستحقيها لتفعيل مؤسسة الزكاة وتمكينها من العمل على تكوين الثروة، وتوظيف النمو المتحقق في الثروة لمحاربة الجوع والفقر؛ وما يترتب عليهما من تحسنٍ في مستوى التنمية البشرية. إن تفعيل مؤسسة الزكاة على النحو المذكور لا يخدم الفقراء فحسب؛ بل يخدم الاقتصاد الوطني في الدولة المعنية، ويُمكّن الفكر الاقتصادي الإسلامي من الولوج إلى عالم التطبيق الفعلي. ولتحقيق ما ذكر تقدم هذه الدراسة رؤية تنموية للعمل على مراحل، وتقترح مشروعًا تنمويًا في الريف خاصة لتفعيل دور الزكاة في الاتجاه المنشود.

Suggested Citation

  • Ahmad F. Oran, 2016. "A Conception to Activate Zakāh as an Islamic Mechanism for Human Development تصور لتفعيل الزكـاة كآلية إسلامية للتنمية البشرية," Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Islamic Economics, King Abdulaziz University, Islamic Economics Institute., vol. 29(3), pages 3-29, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:abd:kauiea:v:29:y:2016:i:3:no:1:p:3-29
    DOI: 10.4197/Islec.29-3.1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Nasim Shah Shirazi, 2006. "Providing For The Resource Shortfall For Poverty Elimination Through The Institution Of Zakat In Low-Income Muslim Countries," IIUM Journal of Economics and Management, IIUM Journal of Economis and Management, vol. 14(1), pages 1-28, December.
    2. C. Guermat & A.T. Al-Utaibi & J.P. Tucker, 2003. "The Practice of Zakat: An Empirical Examination of Four Gulf Countries," Discussion Papers 0302, University of Exeter, Department of Economics.
    3. Upton, Martin, 2004. "The Role of Livestock in Economic Development and Poverty Reduction," PPLPI Working Papers 23783, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Pro-Poor Livestock Policy Initiative.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Zakāh; Hunger; Poverty; Human development; Muslim countries; Islamic economic thought. الزكاة، والجوع، والفقر، والتنمية البشرية، وتنمية الثروة الحيوانية، والفكر الاقتصادي الإسلامي، والدول الإسلامية.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
    • O1 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development
    • P4 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Other Economic Systems
    • Z18 - Other Special Topics - - Cultural Economics - - - Public Policy

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