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Monetary Rules When Economic Behaviour Changes

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Author Info
Robert Amano () (Bank of Canada and Center for Research on Economic Fluctuations and Employment)
Don Coletti (Bank of Canada)
Tiff Macklem () (Bank of Canada)

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Abstract

This paper examines the implications of changes in economic behaviour for simple inflation-forecast­based monetary rules of the type currently used at two inflation-targeting central banks. Three types of changes in economic behaviour are considered, changes that are motivated by developments in monetary and fiscal policy in the 1990s: changes in monetary policy credibility, changes in the slope of the Phillips curve, and changes in the degree of income stabilization from automatic fiscal transfers. Analysis is conducted using stochastic simulations of a model of the Canadian economy. Two questions are posed: First, what are the implications of these types of changes in economic behaviour for the stochastic properties of the economy? Second, how are efficient inflation-forecast­based rules affected by these changes in behaviour? Perhaps the most interesting results are with respect to credibility. When monetary credibility increases, the central bank can attain more stable output and inflation. But increasing credibility is a double-edged sword. To reap its benefits, the central bank must, in general, adjust its reaction function. If it does not, volatility can increase.

Les auteurs examinent les conséquences des changements de comportement des agents économiques pour l'application de règles monétaires simples reposant sur la prévision de l'inflation, du genre de celles actuellement utilisées par deux banques centrales ayant établi des cibles en matière d'inflation. Ils analysent trois types de changement de comportement causés par l'évolution des politiques monétaire et budgétaire depuis le début des années 1990 : les changements de crédibilité de la politique monétaire, les variations de la pente de la courbe de Phillips et les modifications du degré de stabilisation automatique des revenus assuré par les paiements de transfert et les rentrées fiscales. L'analyse des auteurs se fonde sur l'exécution de simulations stochastiques au moyen d'un modèle de l'économie canadienne. Deux questions sont abordées. Premièrement, quelles sont les incidences de ces changements de comportement sur les propriétés stochastiques de l'économie? Deuxièmement, comment ces changements influent-ils sur une règle efficace de politique monétaire basée sur la prévision de l'inflation? Les résultats les plus intéressants de l'étude se situent probablement au chapitre de la crédibilité. Lorsque la crédibilité de la politique monétaire s'accroît, la banque centrale réussit mieux à atténuer les variations de la production et de l'inflation. Cependant, il s'agit là d'une arme à double tranchant. Pour jouir des avantages liés à une plus grande crédibilité, la banque centrale doit généralement modifier sa fonction de réaction : sinon, la volatilité peut augmenter au lieu de diminuer.

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Publisher Info
Paper provided by CREFE, Université du Québec à Montréal in its series Cahiers de recherche CREFE / CREFE Working Papers with number 81.

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Length: 51 pages
Date of creation: May 1999
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Handle: RePEc:cre:crefwp:81

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Related research
Keywords: Monetary policy rules; credibility; Philipps curve; fiscal policy;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies

References listed on IDEAS
Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:

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    Other versions:
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    Other versions:
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  7. Fuhrer, Jeffrey C, 1997. "Inflation/Output Variance Trade-Offs and Optimal Monetary Policy," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 29(2), pages 214-34, May.
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    Other versions:
Full references

Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Robert A Buckle & Kunhong Kim & Nathan McLellan, 2003. "The impact of monetary policy on New Zealand business cycles and inflation variability," Treasury Working Paper Series 03/09, New Zealand Treasury. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  2. John C. Williams & Andrew T. Levin & Volker Wieland, 2001. "The performance of forecast-based monetary policy rules under model uncertainty," Working Paper Series 068, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. Frank Smets, 2000. "What horizon for price stability," Working Paper Series 24, European Central Bank. [Downloadable!]
  4. Pierre St-Amant & David Tessier, 2000. "Résultats empiriques multi-pays relatifs à l'impact des cibles d'inflation sur la crédibilité de la politique monétaire," Canadian Public Policy, University of Toronto Press, vol. 26(3), pages 295-310, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
    Other versions:
  5. Nicholas Apergis & Stephen M. Miller & Alexandros Panethimitakis & Athanasios Vamvakidis, 2005. "Inflation Targeting and Output Growth: Empirical Evidence for the European Union," IMF Working Papers 05/89, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
  6. Jean-Philippe Cayen & Simon van Norden, 2002. "La fiabilité des estimations de l'écart de production au Canada," Working Papers 02-10, Bank of Canada. [Downloadable!]
  7. Peter Isard & Douglas Laxton & Ann-Charlotte Eliasson, 2001. "Inflation Targeting with NAIRU Uncertainty and Endogenous Policy Credibility," IMF Working Papers 01/7, International Monetary Fund. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  8. Perrier, Patrick, 1998. "Un examen de la crédibilité de la politique monétaire au Canada," Working Papers 98-12, Bank of Canada. [Downloadable!]
  9. David Longworth & Brian O’Reilly, 2000. "The Monetary Policy Transmission Mechanism and Policy Rules in Canada," Working Papers Central Bank of Chile 72, Central Bank of Chile. [Downloadable!]
  10. Yuong Ha, 2000. "Uncertainty about the length of the monetary policy transmission lag: implications for monetary policy," Reserve Bank of New Zealand Discussion Paper Series DP2000/01, Reserve Bank of New Zealand. [Downloadable!]
  11. Jamie Armour & Ben Fung & Dinah Maclean, 2002. "Taylor Rules in the Quarterly Projection Model," Working Papers 02-1, Bank of Canada. [Downloadable!]
  12. Nicholas Apergis & Stephen M. Miller & Alexandros Panethimitakis & Athanassios Vamvakidis, 2005. "Inflation Targeting and Output Growth: Evidence from Aggregate European Data," Working papers 2005-06, University of Connecticut, Department of Economics. [Downloadable!]
  13. Aaron Drew & Benjamin Hunt, 1999. "Efficient simple policy rules and the implications of potential output uncertainty," Reserve Bank of New Zealand Discussion Paper Series G99/5, Reserve Bank of New Zealand. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
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