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Binding Overhang and Tariff-Cutting Formulas

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Author Info
Hedi Bchir
Sebastien Jean
David Laborde

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Abstract

Trade negotiations deal with possible cuts in bound duties, which differ substantially from applied preferential duties, and even from MFN applied duties. Based on WTO’s Consolidated Tariff Schedules (CTS) database and on national sources, this paper proposes a systematic assessment of ad valorem-equivalent bound duties at the detailed product level, for almost all WTO members. Fully consistent with the assessment of applied protection provided in the MAcMap-HS6 database (Bouet et al., 2004), this work allows the full structure of protection –bound, MFN applied, preferential applied duties- to be accurately assessed. We are thus able to provide with the first ever worldwide assessment of the binding overhang, i.e. the gap between bound and applied MFN tariffs. We also assess the likely applied-protection impact of an agreement in the Doha Round, based on the Harbinson Proposal for agricultural products, and on the Girard Proposal for nonagricultural products. In all cases, we show the difference between bound and applied protection to be key in understanding both the structure of protection worldwide, and the possible impact of liberalisation scenario cutting bound duties, as uses to be the case in multilateral liberalisations.

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Paper provided by CEPII research center in its series Working Papers with number 2005-18.

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Date of creation: Oct 2005
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Handle: RePEc:cii:cepidt:2005-18

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Related research
Keywords: Bound tariffs; applied tariffs; ad valorem equivalent; WTO; liberalisation; trade liberalization; MAcMaps; MFN; trade preference; protection;

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Find related papers by JEL classification:
F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations

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Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.:
  1. Antoine Bouet & Lionel Fontagne & Sebastien Jean, 2005. "Is Erosion of Tariff Preferences a Serious Concern?," Working Papers 2005-14, CEPII research center. [Downloadable!]
  2. Francois, Joseph & Martin, Will, 2003. "Formula Approaches for Market Access Negotiations," CEPR Discussion Papers 3720, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  3. Gibson, Paul & Wainio, John & Whitley, Daniel & Bohman, Mary, 2001. "Profiles Of Tariffs In Global Agricultural Markets," Agricultural Economics Reports 34055, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. [Downloadable!]
  4. Benassy-Quere, Agnes & Mignon, Valerie & Penot, Alexis, 2007. "China and the relationship between the oil price and the dollar," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 35(11), pages 5795-5805, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Agnes Benassy-Quere & Maylis Coupet & Thierry Mayer, 2005. "Institutional Determinants of Foreign Direct Investment," Working Papers 2005-05, CEPII research center. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  6. Alexander Hijzen & Peter Wright, 2005. "Migration, Trade and Wages," Working Papers 2005-06, CEPII research center. [Downloadable!]
  7. Kym Anderson & Will Martin, 2005. "Agricultural Trade Reform and the Doha Development Agenda," The World Economy, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 28(9), pages 1301-1327, 09. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  8. Agnès Benassy-Quere & Nicolas Gobalraja & Alain Trannoy, 2005. "Tax Competition and Public Input," Working Papers 2005-08, CEPII research center. [Downloadable!]
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  9. Harald Grethe, 2006. "Agricultural Trade Reform and the Doha Development Agenda," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press for the Foundation for the European Review of Agricultural Economics, vol. 33(4), pages 591-595, December.
  10. Balazs Egert & Amina Lahreche-Revil & Kirsten Lommatzsch, 2004. "The Stock-Flow Approach to the Real Exchange Rate of CEE Transition Economies," Working Papers 2004-15, CEPII research center. [Downloadable!]
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  11. Antoine Bouet & Yvan Decreux & Lionel Fontagne & Sebastien Jean & David Laborde, 2004. "A Consistent, Ad-Valorem Equivalent Measure of Applied Protection Across the World: The MAcMap-HS6 Database," Working Papers 2004-22, CEPII research center. [Downloadable!]
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Cited by:
(explanations, Please report citation or reference errors to , or , if you are the registered author of the cited work, log in to your RePEc Author Service profile, click on "citations" and make appropriate adjustments.)

  1. Kyle Bagwell, 2009. "Self-Enforcing Trade Agreements and Private Information," NBER Working Papers 14812, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  2. Mohamed Hedi Bchir & Lionel Fontagné & Sébastien Jean, 2005. "From Bound Duties to Actual Protection: Industrial Liberalisation in the Doha Round," Economics Working Papers 041, European Network of Economic Policy Research Institutes. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  3. Jean, Sebastien & Laborde, David & Martin, Will, 2008. "Choosing sensitive agricultural products in trade negotiations:," IFPRI discussion papers 788, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  4. Aussilloux, Vincent & Gallezot, Jacques, 2006. "Collected Customs Duties: A Comparative Analysis of the Protection Applied by the US and the EU," Working Papers 18871, TRADEAG - Agricultural Trade Agreements. [Downloadable!]
  5. Romain Perez & Mustapha Sadni Jallab, 2009. "Preference erosion and market access liberalization: the African dilemma in multilateral negotiations on agriculture," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer, vol. 145(2), pages 277-292, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  6. Houssein Boumellassa & Deniz Unal-Kesenci, 2006. "Base de donnees CHELEM-BAL du CEPII," Working Papers 2006-08, CEPII research center. [Downloadable!]
  7. Bouët, Antoine, 2006. "What can the poor expect from trade liberalization?: opening the "black box" of trade modeling," MTID discussion papers 93, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). [Downloadable!]
  8. Bureau, Jean-Christophe & Jean, Sebastien & Matthews, Alan, 2005. "Concessions and Exemptions for Developing Countries in the Agricultural Negotiations: The Role of the Special and Differential Treatment," Working Papers 18858, TRADEAG - Agricultural Trade Agreements. [Downloadable!]
  9. Bouet, Antoine & Laborde, David, 2009. "Why is the Doha development agenda failing? And what can be done?: A computable general equilibrium-game theoretical approach," IFPRI discussion papers 877, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI). [Downloadable!]
  10. Drogue, Sophie & Bartova, Lubica, 2007. "A Critical Survey of Databases on Tariffs and Trade Available for the Analysis of EU Agricultural Agreements," Working Papers 7287, TRADEAG - Agricultural Trade Agreements. [Downloadable!]
  11. Antoni Estevadeordal & Caroline Freund & Emanuel Ornelas, 2008. "Does Regionalism Affect Trade Liberalization Towards Non-Members?," CEP Discussion Papers dp0868, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  12. Martin, Will & Anderson, Kym, 2006. "The Doha Agenda and Agricultural Trade Reform: The Role of Economic Analysis," 2006 Annual Meeting, August 12-18, 2006, Queensland, Australia 25628, International Association of Agricultural Economists. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  13. Sebastian Hess & Stephan von Cramon-Taubadel, 2007. "Assessing General and Partial Equilibrium Simulations of Doha Round Outcomes using Meta-Analysis," cege – Center for European, Governance and Economic Development Research Discussion Papers 67, cege – Center for European, Governance and Economic Development Research, University of Goettingen (Germany).. [Downloadable!]
  14. Hess, Sebastian & von Cramon-Taubadel, Stephan, 2008. "Agricultural Trade Policy Modelling: Insights from a Meta-Analysis of Doha Development Agenda Outcomes," Commissioned Papers 43466, Canadian Agricultural Trade Policy Research Network. [Downloadable!]
  15. Cardamone, Paola, 2007. "A survey of the assessments of the effectiveness of Preferential Trade Agreements using gravity models," Working Papers 7282, TRADEAG - Agricultural Trade Agreements. [Downloadable!]
    Other versions:
  16. Cadot, Olivier & Gallezot, Jacques & Suwa Eisenmann, Akiko, 2009. "EU Trade Barriers in the Agri-food Sector: When Protection Breeds Dependence," CEPR Discussion Papers 7219, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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