IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/wly/jfutmk/v38y2018i12p1514-1532.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Hedging systematic risk in the commodity market with a regime‐switching multivariate rotated generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model

Author

Listed:
  • Donald Lien
  • Hsiang‐Tai Lee
  • Her‐Jiun Sheu

Abstract

In this paper, a regime‐switching multivariate rotated BEKK generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH; RS‐MRBEKK) model for optimal futures hedging is proposed. The basic structure of the RS‐MRBEKK model is to rotate returns with spectral decomposition and fit the rotated returns with a Markov regime‐switching BEKK covariance structure that is computationally attractive for modeling higher‐dimensional regime‐switching GARCH dynamics. The empirical results reveal that adding additional commodity index futures to capture the commodity price comovement under regime switching improves hedging performance. The more parsimonious RS‐MRBEKK is statistically no worse than the conventional nonrotated regime‐switching BEKK, illustrating the usefulness of RS‐MRBEKK in higher‐dimensional hedging applications.

Suggested Citation

  • Donald Lien & Hsiang‐Tai Lee & Her‐Jiun Sheu, 2018. "Hedging systematic risk in the commodity market with a regime‐switching multivariate rotated generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity model," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 38(12), pages 1514-1532, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:wly:jfutmk:v:38:y:2018:i:12:p:1514-1532
    DOI: 10.1002/fut.21959
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/fut.21959
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1002/fut.21959?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Engle, Robert F. & Kroner, Kenneth F., 1995. "Multivariate Simultaneous Generalized ARCH," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 11(1), pages 122-150, February.
    2. West, Kenneth D, 1996. "Asymptotic Inference about Predictive Ability," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 64(5), pages 1067-1084, September.
    3. Lee, Hsiang-Tai & Tsang, Wei-Lun, 2011. "Cross hedging single stock with American Depositary Receipt and stock index futures," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 8(3), pages 146-157, September.
    4. Lucio Sarno & Giorgio Valente, 2005. "Modelling and forecasting stock returns: exploiting the futures market, regime shifts and international spillovers," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 20(3), pages 345-376, March.
    5. Lien, Donald & Yang, Li, 2008. "Asymmetric effect of basis on dynamic futures hedging: Empirical evidence from commodity markets," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(2), pages 187-198, February.
    6. Chang, Chia-Lin & McAleer, Michael & Tansuchat, Roengchai, 2011. "Crude oil hedging strategies using dynamic multivariate GARCH," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(5), pages 912-923, September.
    7. Hsiang‐Tai Lee & Jonathan Yoder, 2007. "Optimal hedging with a regime‐switching time‐varying correlation GARCH model," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 27(5), pages 495-516, May.
    8. Moschini, GianCarlo & Myers, Robert J., 2002. "Testing for constant hedge ratios in commodity markets: a multivariate GARCH approach," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 9(5), pages 589-603, December.
    9. Hamilton, James D, 1989. "A New Approach to the Economic Analysis of Nonstationary Time Series and the Business Cycle," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 57(2), pages 357-384, March.
    10. Baillie, Richard T & Myers, Robert J, 1991. "Bivariate GARCH Estimation of the Optimal Commodity Futures Hedge," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 6(2), pages 109-124, April-Jun.
    11. Byrne, Joseph P. & Fazio, Giorgio & Fiess, Norbert, 2013. "Primary commodity prices: Co-movements, common factors and fundamentals," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 16-26.
    12. Sarno, Lucio & Valente, Giorgio, 2005. "Empirical exchange rate models and currency risk: some evidence from density forecasts," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 24(2), pages 363-385, March.
    13. Dark, Jonathan, 2015. "Futures hedging with Markov switching vector error correction FIEGARCH and FIAPARCH," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 61(S2), pages 269-285.
    14. Noureldin, Diaa & Shephard, Neil & Sheppard, Kevin, 2014. "Multivariate rotated ARCH models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 179(1), pages 16-30.
    15. Amir Alizadeh & Nikos Nomikos, 2004. "A Markov regime switching approach for hedging stock indices," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 24(7), pages 649-674, July.
    16. Hsiang-Tai Lee & Jonathan Yoder, 2007. "A bivariate Markov regime switching GARCH approach to estimate time varying minimum variance hedge ratios," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(10), pages 1253-1265.
    17. Michael S. Haigh & Matthew T. Holt, 2000. "Hedging Multiple Price Uncertainty in International Grain Trade," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 82(4), pages 881-896.
    18. Alizadeh, Amir H. & Huang, Chih-Yueh & van Dellen, Stefan, 2015. "A regime switching approach for hedging tanker shipping freight rates," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 44-59.
    19. A. G. Malliaris & Jorge L. Urrutia, 1996. "Linkages between agricultural commodity futures contracts," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(5), pages 595-609, August.
    20. G. Geoffrey Booth & Cetin Ciner, 2001. "Linkages among agricultural commodity futures prices: evidence from Tokyo," Applied Economics Letters, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 8(5), pages 311-313.
    21. Diebold, Francis X & Mariano, Roberto S, 2002. "Comparing Predictive Accuracy," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 20(1), pages 134-144, January.
    22. Robert I. Webb, 1987. "A note on volatility and pricing of futures options during choppy markets," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 7(3), pages 333-337, June.
    23. Pan, Zhiyuan & Wang, Yudong & Yang, Li, 2014. "Hedging crude oil using refined product: A regime switching asymmetric DCC approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 472-484.
    24. Du, Xiaodong & Yu, Cindy L. & Hayes, Dermot J., 2011. "Speculation and volatility spillover in the crude oil and agricultural commodity markets: A Bayesian analysis," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 33(3), pages 497-503, May.
    25. Park, Jin Suk & Shi, Yukun, 2017. "Hedging and speculative pressures and the transition of the spot-futures relationship in energy and metal markets," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 176-191.
    26. Natanelov, Valeri & Alam, Mohammad J. & McKenzie, Andrew M. & Van Huylenbroeck, Guido, 2011. "Is there co-movement of agricultural commodities futures prices and crude oil?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(9), pages 4971-4984, September.
    27. Cifarelli, Giulio & Paladino, Giovanna, 2015. "A dynamic model of hedging and speculation in the commodity futures markets," Journal of Financial Markets, Elsevier, vol. 25(C), pages 1-15.
    28. Peter S. Sephton, 1993. "Optimal Hedge Ratios at the Winnipeg Commodity Exchange," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 26(1), pages 175-193, February.
    29. Lee, Hsiang-Tai, 2009. "Optimal futures hedging under jump switching dynamics," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 16(3), pages 446-456, June.
    30. Wai Mun Fong & Kim Hock See, 2001. "Modelling the conditional volatility of commodity index futures as a regime switching process," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(2), pages 133-163.
    31. Katelijne A.E. Carbonez & Van Thi Tuong Nguyen & Piet Sercu, 2011. "Hedging with Two Futures Contracts: Simplicity Pays," European Financial Management, European Financial Management Association, vol. 17(5), pages 806-834, November.
    32. Marie Steen & Ole Gjolberg, 2013. "Are commodity markets characterized by herd behaviour?," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(1), pages 79-90, January.
    33. Michael S. Haigh & Matthew T. Holt, 2002. "Crack spread hedging: accounting for time-varying volatility spillovers in the energy futures markets," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 17(3), pages 269-289.
    34. Alizadeh, Amir H. & Nomikos, Nikos K. & Pouliasis, Panos K., 2008. "A Markov regime switching approach for hedging energy commodities," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 32(9), pages 1970-1983, September.
    35. Lucio Sarno & Giorgio Valente, 2000. "The cost of carry model and regime shifts in stock index futures markets: An empirical investigation," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 20(7), pages 603-624, August.
    36. Feng Wu & Zhengfei Guan & Robert J. Myers, 2011. "Volatility spillover effects and cross hedging in corn and crude oil futures," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 31(11), pages 1052-1075, November.
    37. Hsiang‐Tai Lee, 2009. "A copula‐based regime‐switching GARCH model for optimal futures hedging," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 29(10), pages 946-972, October.
    38. P. J. Dawson & B. White, 2002. "Interdependencies between agricultural commodity futures prices on the LIFFE," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 22(3), pages 269-280, March.
    39. Hsiang-Tai Lee, 2011. "Regime switching fractional cointegration and futures hedging," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(15), pages 1145-1157.
    40. Cai, Jun, 1994. "A Markov Model of Switching-Regime ARCH," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 12(3), pages 309-316, July.
    41. Stanley C. Stevens, 1991. "Evidence for a weather persistence effect on the corn, wheat, and soybean growing season price dynamics," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 11(1), pages 81-88, February.
    42. Hamilton, James D. & Susmel, Raul, 1994. "Autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity and changes in regime," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 64(1-2), pages 307-333.
    43. Noureldin, Diaa & Shephard, Neil & Sheppard, Kevin, 2014. "Multivariate rotated ARCH models," Scholarly Articles 34650305, Harvard University Department of Economics.
    44. Donald Lien, 2012. "A note on the performance of regime switching hedge strategy," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 32(4), pages 389-396, April.
    45. Lee, Hsiang-Tai, 2010. "Regime switching correlation hedging," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(11), pages 2728-2741, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Atle Oglend & Hans‐Martin Straume, 2020. "Futures market hedging efficiency in a new futures exchange: Effects of trade partner diversification," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(4), pages 617-631, April.
    2. Oscar V. De la Torre-Torres & José Álvarez-García & María de la Cruz del Río-Rama, 2024. "An EM/MCMC Markov-Switching GARCH Behavioral Algorithm for Random-Length Lumber Futures Trading," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-21, February.
    3. Haiying Wang & Ying Yuan & Tianyang Wang, 2021. "The dynamics of cross‐boundary fire—Financial contagion between the oil and stock markets," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 41(10), pages 1655-1673, October.
    4. Zhen Liu & Assem Abu Hatab, 2023. "Assessing stakeholder engagement in public spending, green finance and sustainable economic recovery in the highest emitting economies," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 56(5), pages 3015-3040, October.
    5. Foglia, Matteo & Palomba, Giulio & Tedeschi, Marco, 2023. "Disentangling the geopolitical risk and its effects on commodities. Evidence from a panel of G8 countries," Resources Policy, Elsevier, vol. 85(PB).
    6. Gong, Xu & Xu, Jun, 2022. "Geopolitical risk and dynamic connectedness between commodity markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 110(C).
    7. Lee, Hsiang-Tai & Lee, Chien-Chiang, 2022. "A regime-switching real-time copula GARCH model for optimal futures hedging," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    8. Lee, Chien-Chiang & Lee, Hsiang-Tai, 2023. "Optimal portfolio diversification with a multi-chain regime-switching spillover GARCH model," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    9. Hsiang‐Tai Lee, 2022. "A Markov regime‐switching Cholesky GARCH model for directly estimating the dynamic of optimal hedge ratio," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(3), pages 389-412, March.
    10. Yingying Xu & Donald Lien, 2020. "Optimal futures hedging for energy commodities: An application of the GAS model," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 40(7), pages 1090-1108, July.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hsiang‐Tai Lee, 2022. "A Markov regime‐switching Cholesky GARCH model for directly estimating the dynamic of optimal hedge ratio," Journal of Futures Markets, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 42(3), pages 389-412, March.
    2. Lee, Hsiang-Tai & Lee, Chien-Chiang, 2022. "A regime-switching real-time copula GARCH model for optimal futures hedging," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 84(C).
    3. Wen-Chung Hsu & Hsiang-Tai Lee, 2018. "Cross Hedging Stock Sector Risk with Index Futures by Considering the Global Equity Systematic Risk," IJFS, MDPI, vol. 6(2), pages 1-17, April.
    4. Lee, Hsiang-Tai, 2010. "Regime switching correlation hedging," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 34(11), pages 2728-2741, November.
    5. Su, EnDer, 2017. "Stock index hedging using a trend and volatility regime-switching model involving hedging cost," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 233-254.
    6. Kuang-Liang Chang, 2011. "The optimal value-at-risk hedging strategy under bivariate regime switching ARCH framework," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(21), pages 2627-2640.
    7. Pan, Zhiyuan & Wang, Yudong & Yang, Li, 2014. "Hedging crude oil using refined product: A regime switching asymmetric DCC approach," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 472-484.
    8. Billio, Monica & Casarin, Roberto & Osuntuyi, Anthony, 2018. "Markov switching GARCH models for Bayesian hedging on energy futures markets," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 545-562.
    9. Alexander, Carol & Prokopczuk, Marcel & Sumawong, Anannit, 2013. "The (de)merits of minimum-variance hedging: Application to the crack spread," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 698-707.
    10. Philip, Dennis & Shi, Yukun, 2016. "Optimal hedging in carbon emission markets using Markov regime switching models," Journal of International Financial Markets, Institutions and Money, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 1-15.
    11. Lee, Chien-Chiang & Lee, Hsiang-Tai, 2023. "Optimal portfolio diversification with a multi-chain regime-switching spillover GARCH model," Global Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    12. Yudong Wang & Chongfeng Wu & Li Yang, 2015. "Hedging with Futures: Does Anything Beat the Naïve Hedging Strategy?," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 61(12), pages 2870-2889, December.
    13. Park, Jin Suk & Shi, Yukun, 2017. "Hedging and speculative pressures and the transition of the spot-futures relationship in energy and metal markets," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 176-191.
    14. Wang, Yudong & Geng, Qianjie & Meng, Fanyi, 2019. "Futures hedging in crude oil markets: A comparison between minimum-variance and minimum-risk frameworks," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 181(C), pages 815-826.
    15. Lee, Hsiang-Tai, 2009. "Optimal futures hedging under jump switching dynamics," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 16(3), pages 446-456, June.
    16. François, Pascal & Gauthier, Geneviève & Godin, Frédéric, 2014. "Optimal hedging when the underlying asset follows a regime-switching Markov process," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 237(1), pages 312-322.
    17. Lee, Hsiang-Tai, 2022. "Regime-switching angular correlation diversification," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).
    18. Alizadeh, Amir H. & Huang, Chih-Yueh & van Dellen, Stefan, 2015. "A regime switching approach for hedging tanker shipping freight rates," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 44-59.
    19. Hung, Jui-Cheng & Yi-Hsien Wang, & Chang, Matthew C. & Shih, Kuang-Hsun & Hsiu-Hsueh Kao,, 2011. "Minimum variance hedging with bivariate regime-switching model for WTI crude oil," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 36(5), pages 3050-3057.
    20. Su, EnDer, 2013. "Stock index hedge using trend and volatility regime switch model considering hedging cost," MPRA Paper 49190, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:wly:jfutmk:v:38:y:2018:i:12:p:1514-1532. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0270-7314/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.