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The Dynamics of Economic Growth and Unemployment in Major European Countries: Analysis of Okun´s Law

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Zagler, Martin ()

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Abstract

This paper analyzes a vector error correction model of economic growth and unemployment in four major European economies, France, Germany, Italy, and the UK. We find that unemployment and economic growth are cointegrated, and driven be the same autoregressive unit root present in most endogenous growth models. In the long run, economic growth and unemployment are positively correlated, as suggested by recent economic theories on endogenous growth and unemployment. In the short-run, an increase in the equilibrium unemployment rate is related to a decline in economic growth rates. The short-run dynamics of economic growth and unemployment therefore remain consistent with Okun's law. Okun's coefficient is in line with previous estimates for all countries except for the UK, whose labor market appears much more flexible in accommodating adverse transitory shocks than continental labor markets.

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Article provided by Euro-American Association of Economic Development in its journal Applied Econometrics and International Development.

Volume (Year): 3 (2003)
Issue (Month): 3 ()
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Handle: RePEc:eaa:aeinde:v:3:y:2003:i:3_18

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C51 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Construction and Estimation

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  1. Osterwald-Lenum, Michael, 1992. "A Note with Quantiles of the Asymptotic Distribution of the Maximum Likelihood Cointegration Rank Test Statistics," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 54(3), pages 461-72, August.
  2. Banerjee, Anindya & Hendry, David F, 1992. "Testing Integration and Cointegration: An Overview," Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, Department of Economics, University of Oxford, vol. 54(3), pages 225-55, August.
  3. Filippo Altissimo & Giovanni L. Violante, 2001. "The non-linear dynamics of output and unemployment in the U.S," Journal of Applied Econometrics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 16(4), pages 461-486. [Downloadable!]
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  4. Aghion, Philippe & Howitt, Peter, 1991. "Growth and Unemployment," CEPR Discussion Papers 577, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  5. Jordi Gali, 1999. "Technology, Employment, and the Business Cycle: Do Technology Shocks Explain Aggregate Fluctuations?," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 89(1), pages 249-271, March. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  6. Zagler, M., 2000. "Aggregate Demand, Economic Growth, and Unemployment," Economics Working Papers eco2000/17, European University Institute.
  7. Dolado, Juan J. & Jimeno, Juan F., 1997. "The causes of Spanish unemployment: A structural VAR approach," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 41(7), pages 1281-1307, July. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  8. Blanchard, Olivier Jean & Quah, Danny, 1989. "The Dynamic Effects of Aggregate Demand and Supply Disturbances," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 79(4), pages 655-73, September. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  9. Johansen, Soren, 1991. "Estimation and Hypothesis Testing of Cointegration Vectors in Gaussian Vector Autoregressive Models," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 59(6), pages 1551-80, November. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
  10. John Y. Campbell & N. Gregory Mankiw, 1989. "International Evidence on the Persistence of Economic Fluctuations," NBER Working Papers 2498, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc. [Downloadable!] (restricted)
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  11. Gil-Alana, Luis A, 2002. "Testing the order of integration of the UK Unemployment," Applied Econometrics and International Development, Euro-American Association of Economic Development, vol. 2(1). [Downloadable!]
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