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Shorting America: Europas finanzieller Hebel gegenüber den USA

Author

Listed:
  • Petroulakis, Filippos
  • Saidi, Farzad

Abstract

Europa verfügt über einen finanziellen Hebel gegenüber den USA: Es hält 9,6 Billionen US-Dollar an US-Vermögenswerten, etwa das 1,5-fache der 6,4 Billionen US-Dollar, die die USA an europäischen Vermögenswerten halten; diese Asymmetrie stellt einen finanziellen Hebel dar, der bei Bedarf über bestehende regulatorische Instrumente aktiviert werden kann. * Aktivierung des Hebels durch Regulierung: Die Aufhebung des Null-Risikogewichts für US-Staatsanleihen unter Solvency II und der Eigenkapitalverordnung (CRR) würde die Kapitalkosten für das Halten von US-Staatsschulden bei europäischen Versicherern, Banken und Pensionsfonds erhöhen. Dieses Privileg ist angesichts einer US-Schuldenquote von über 120% des BIP und einer früheren Herabstufung der Bonität zunehmend nicht mehr zu rechtfertigen. * Die Auswirkungen wären erheblich: Vorsichtige Schätzungen deuten auf einen Rückzug der Nachfrage nach US-Staatsanleihen in Höhe von 200 Milliarden US-Dollar über ein Jahrzehnt hin, etwa ein Viertel von QT1 oder ein Drittel von QE2. Der erwartete Renditeeffekt von 11 bis 14 Basispunkten entspricht zusätzlichen US-Haushalts-kosten von 33 bis 42 Milliarden US-Dollar pro Jahr. * Die Maßnahme verstärkt sich selbst: Die Umschichtung von Versicherungskapital in europäische Staats- und Bankanleihen verbessert die Refinanzierungsstrukturen europäischer Banken, verringert deren Dollarabhängigkeit und lockert genau jene Restriktion, die andernfalls eine Beteiligung an einer Veräußerung von US-Staatsanleihen abschrecken könnte. * Die Übergangsphase ist gut zu bewältigen: Eine teilweise Absicherung der europäischen Dollarpositionen wirkt als Stoßdämpfer und ermöglicht es, dass Dollarabwertung und Renditeanstiege graduell und nicht disruptiv eintreten, während Ersatzflüsse von renditesuchenden Investoren die strukturelle Verschiebung der Nachfrage abmildern, aber nicht beseitigen.

Suggested Citation

  • Petroulakis, Filippos & Saidi, Farzad, 2026. "Shorting America: Europas finanzieller Hebel gegenüber den USA," Kiel Reports 7, Kiel Institute for the World Economy.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ifwkrp:342515
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    JEL classification:

    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • F51 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - International Conflicts; Negotiations; Sanctions
    • F59 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - Other
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets
    • G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages

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