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Im Auge des Betrachters? Warum wir zwischen KMU und Mittelstand unterscheiden müssen

Author

Listed:
  • Pahnke, André
  • Welter, Friederike
  • Audretsch, David B.

Abstract

Bis heute gibt es kein gemeinsames, weithin akzeptiertes und konsequent angewandtes Verständnis dessen, was den Mittelstand ausmacht. Die meisten empirischen Untersuchungen zu mittelständischen Unternehmen stützen sich auf Daten von kleinen und mittleren Unternehmen (KMU). Obwohl diese einfach zu messenden Kriterien (wie die Gesamtzahl der Beschäftigten und/oder der Jahresumsatz) nur hilfsweise verwandt wurden, werden sie mittlerweile als charakteristische Merkmale von mittelständischen Unternehmen angesehen. Gerade in der internationalen Literatur hat sich so der Irrtum verbreitet, dass der Begriff des mittelständischen Unternehmens mit KMU übersetzt werden könne. Die vorliegende Arbeit stellt diese Gleichsetzung von Mittelstand und KMU in Frage. Wir untersuchen verschiedene Ansätze zur Analyse von mittelständischen Unternehmen, indem wir uns auf drei Kriterien konzentrieren: Unternehmensgröße, Eigentumsstrukturen und das Gefühl, zum Mittelstand zu gehören. Unsere empirischen Analysen entlang dieser drei Kriterien stützen das Argument, dass die Gleichsetzung von Mittelstand und KMU generell problematisch ist, weil diese Ansätze nicht deckungsgleich sind. Wenn man jedoch die Einheit von Eigentum und Leitung als Kernelement des Mittelstandes in den Mittelpunkt stellt, eröffnen sich umfassende und zugleich bes-ser vergleichbare Forschungsansätze.

Suggested Citation

  • Pahnke, André & Welter, Friederike & Audretsch, David B., 2021. "Im Auge des Betrachters? Warum wir zwischen KMU und Mittelstand unterscheiden müssen," Working Papers 04/21, Institut für Mittelstandsforschung (IfM) Bonn.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ifmwps:0421
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    KMU; Mittelstand; Unternehmertum; Firmengröße;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • L26 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Entrepreneurship
    • M13 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration - - - New Firms; Startups

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