Emission Policies And The Nigerian Economy: Simulations From A Dynamic Applied General Equilibrium Model

Recently, there has been growing concern that human activities may be affecting the global climate through growing atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases(GHG). Such warming could have major impacts on economic activity and society. For the Nigerian case, the study uses multisector dynamic applied general equilibrium to quantify the economy- wide, distributional and environmental costs of policies to curb GHG emissions. The simulation results indicates effectiveness of carbon tax, tradeable permit and backstop technology policies in curbing GHG emissions but with distorted economy wide and income distributional effects. However, the model was found to be sensitive to three key exogenous variable and parameters tested: Lower GDP growth rate, changed interfuel substitution elasticity and autonomous energy efficiency improvement factor. Unlike the first test, the last two tests only had improved environmental effect but stable economy wide effect. This then suggests that domestic energy conservation measures could be a second best alternative.